Spread of infection Flashcards
Why is a palatal abscess very sore?
Little space to spread so pressure
If infection perforates above insertion of mylohyoid where is it likely to go?
Sublingual space
If infection perforates below level of mylohyoid where is it likely to go?
Submandibular space
Infection from which teeth is more likely to spread to submandibular space?
Posterior lower teeth esp 8s as roots below mylohyoid line
Infection from which space could spread back to spaces between muscles of mastication (masticatory space)?
Submandibular space
Name 5 of the masseteric spaces
Masseteric space, pterygomandibular space, infratemporal space, deep temporal space, superficial temporal space
Where could infection possibly spread from infratemporal space?
Brain
Where could infection from a) upper anteriors b) upper laterals c) upper premolars and molars spread to?
a) lip, nasiolabial region, lower eyelid
b) palate (less common)
c) Cheek, infratemporal region, maxillary antrum (v rare), palate (less common)
Where could infection from
a) lower anteriors
b) lower premolars and molars
spread to?
a) mental and submental space
b) buccal space, submasseteric space, sublingual space, submandibular space, lateral pharyngeal space
4 intraoral features of Ludwig’s angina
Raised tongue (as swelling underneath), difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, drooling (because difficulty swallowing own saliva)
Extraoral feature of Ludwig’s angina
Diffuse redness and swelling bilaterally in submandibular region
What happens systemically in Ludwig’s angina
Increased HR, increased respiratory rate, increased temperature, increased white cell count
(SIRS criteria)
What is the criteria for SIRS?
Diagnosed when pt displays 2 or more of following criteria:
Temperature - <36 or >38
Heart rate >90bpm
Respiratory rate >20 breaths per minute
WBC count <4000mm3 or >12000mm3 or >10% immature (band) forms
What is sepsis?
Life threatening condition caused by over reaction of the body’s immune response to infection. Diagnosed when SIRs criteria met and there is infection present
What is septic shock?
Sepsis with persistent hypotension despite adequate fluid replacement
