Bone grafting & implantology

Question 1

Types of bone graft

Answer 1

• Autogenous/autograft
- derived from patient themselves
- Intra-oral (chin, ramus, tuberosity, coronoid process can be used for the graft0
- Extra-oral (Hip and calvarium)
• Xenograft
– Deproteinized bone matrix (Bio-Oss) - from animals
• Allograft
- Irradiated Sterilized Freeze Dried Bone blocks
- From someone else, skeleton of cadaver, can’t get bone from live person
• Alloplastic/synthetic
- Natural sources and synthetic materials (Proplast, HA, TCP, TCS)
• Bone Bioengineering
- Growth factors -Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP)
- New technology producing your own bone using cytokines or growth factors

Question 2

Advantages and disadvantage of synthetic/alloplastic grafts

Answer 2

No risk of transmission of diseases, manufactured so nothing is harmed to get it,
Can be rejected by body though

Question 3

What does alveolar distraction osteogenesis do?

Answer 3

Lengthens bone at rate of 1mm per day (could do if radiograph doesn’t show enough bone for implant but pt doesn’t want augmentation/graft) - device separates the bone and it grows there making it longer