Spread of disease Flashcards

1
Q

What type of pathogen is measles

A

virus

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2
Q

What type of pathogen is HIV

A

virus

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3
Q

What type of pathogen is Malaria

A

protist

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4
Q

What type of pathogen is salmonella

A

bacterial

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5
Q

What type of pathogen is Gonorrhoea

A

bacterial

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6
Q

What type of pathogen is Rose black spot

A

Fungal

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7
Q

What type of pathogen is TMV

A

virus

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8
Q

What is the method of spread for measles

A

Inhalation of droplets from coughs and sneezes. Airborn

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9
Q

What is the method of spread for HIV

A

direct contact, sexual intercourse, exchange of bodily fluids

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10
Q

What is the method of spread for Malaria

A

Parasites living and feeding on other organisms

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11
Q

What is the method of spread for Salmonella

A

bacteria found in raw meat, eggs and more.

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12
Q

What is the method of spread for Gonnorrhoea

A

unprotected sexual intercourse

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13
Q

What is the method of spread for rose black spot

A

spores of fungus spread by wind and onto other plants when it rains

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14
Q

What is the method of spread for TMV

A

contact between diseased plantsand healthy plants. insects can count as vectors

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15
Q

What are the symptoms for Measles

A

Blindness, brain damage,fever

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16
Q

What is the method of spread for HIV

A

exchange of bodily fluids, sexual intercourse

17
Q

What is the method of spread for Malaria

A

shaking, recurrent episodes of fevers

18
Q

What is the method of spread for Salmonella

A

vomitting, diarrhoea, fever, abdominal cramps

19
Q

What is the method of spread for Gonorrhoea

A

thick yellow or green discharge, pelvic pain, infertility

20
Q

Rose Black spot

A

purple/black spots develops on leaves
leaves turn yellow and drop

21
Q

TMV

A

affects growth of plant
mosaic pattern of discolouration

22
Q

Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Measles

A

no treatment
vaccinations for children

23
Q

Whats treatments/controls are used to treat HIV

A

no treatment or vaccine
can be prevented by condoms

24
Q

Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Malaria

A

antimalarial drugs
insecticides to kill mosquitoes

25
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Salmonella
no antibiotics poultry are vaccinated
26
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Gonorrhoea
antibiotics - penicillin contraceptives
27
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Rose black spot
removing and burning affected leaves chemical fungicides
28
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat TMV
good field hygiene and pest control TMV resistant crops
29
how do you prevent direct contact as a method of spread
hand washing with soap maintaining hygiene disinfectants contraceptives
30
how do you prevent airborne diseases as a method of spread
coughing and sneezing into a tissue washing your hands with soap isolation
31
how do you prevent water born diseases as a method of spread
disinfectants vaccinations water purifier
32
a gardener is looking at the plants in his greenhouse. some of the plants have a disease give two ways the gardener could identify the pathogen infecting the plants
use the internet and compare with pictures send them to a laboratry for testing
33
symptoms of nitrate deficiency in plants
stunted growth
34
symptoms of magnesium deficiency in plants
yellowing of leaves or chlorosis
35
plant defence responses
physical chemical others
36
name some physical plant defence responses and what they do
bark: physical barrier cell wall: physical barrier, prevents pathogens entering waxy cuticle on leaves: physical barrier
37
name chemical plant defence responses and what they do
some plants release mint and witch hazel which release antibacterial chemicals: they limit spread of bacteria that weren't stopped by physical defence other plants have developed to release poison chemicals or harmful chemicals to prevent themselves from being eaten eg. stinging nettles, poisonous berries
38
compare the ways plants and humans defend themselves against pathogens
- some plants secrete antibacterial chemicals like mint, which prevent the spread of pathogens which is similar to humans who produce tears which are anti bacterial -plants have cellulose walls and some have bark, which act like a physical barrier, similar to skin on humans -plants have defences against predators such as thorns, poisons etc., where as humans dont