Spread of disease Flashcards
What type of pathogen is measles
virus
What type of pathogen is HIV
virus
What type of pathogen is Malaria
protist
What type of pathogen is salmonella
bacterial
What type of pathogen is Gonorrhoea
bacterial
What type of pathogen is Rose black spot
Fungal
What type of pathogen is TMV
virus
What is the method of spread for measles
Inhalation of droplets from coughs and sneezes. Airborn
What is the method of spread for HIV
direct contact, sexual intercourse, exchange of bodily fluids
What is the method of spread for Malaria
Parasites living and feeding on other organisms
What is the method of spread for Salmonella
bacteria found in raw meat, eggs and more.
What is the method of spread for Gonnorrhoea
unprotected sexual intercourse
What is the method of spread for rose black spot
spores of fungus spread by wind and onto other plants when it rains
What is the method of spread for TMV
contact between diseased plantsand healthy plants. insects can count as vectors
What are the symptoms for Measles
Blindness, brain damage,fever
What is the method of spread for HIV
exchange of bodily fluids, sexual intercourse
What is the method of spread for Malaria
shaking, recurrent episodes of fevers
What is the method of spread for Salmonella
vomitting, diarrhoea, fever, abdominal cramps
What is the method of spread for Gonorrhoea
thick yellow or green discharge, pelvic pain, infertility
Rose Black spot
purple/black spots develops on leaves
leaves turn yellow and drop
TMV
affects growth of plant
mosaic pattern of discolouration
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Measles
no treatment
vaccinations for children
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat HIV
no treatment or vaccine
can be prevented by condoms
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Malaria
antimalarial drugs
insecticides to kill mosquitoes
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Salmonella
no antibiotics
poultry are vaccinated
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Gonorrhoea
antibiotics - penicillin
contraceptives
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat Rose black spot
removing and burning affected leaves
chemical fungicides
Whats treatments/controls are used to treat TMV
good field hygiene and pest control
TMV resistant crops
how do you prevent direct contact as a method of spread
hand washing with soap
maintaining hygiene
disinfectants
contraceptives
how do you prevent airborne diseases as a method of spread
coughing and sneezing into a tissue
washing your hands with soap
isolation
how do you prevent water born diseases as a method of spread
disinfectants
vaccinations
water purifier
a gardener is looking at the plants in his greenhouse. some of the plants have a disease
give two ways the gardener could identify the pathogen infecting the plants
use the internet and compare with pictures
send them to a laboratry for testing
symptoms of nitrate deficiency in plants
stunted growth
symptoms of magnesium deficiency in plants
yellowing of leaves or chlorosis
plant defence responses
physical
chemical
others
name some physical plant defence responses and what they do
bark: physical barrier
cell wall: physical barrier, prevents pathogens entering
waxy cuticle on leaves: physical barrier
name chemical plant defence responses and what they do
some plants release mint and witch hazel which release antibacterial chemicals: they limit spread of bacteria that weren’t stopped by physical defence
other plants have developed to release poison chemicals or harmful chemicals to prevent themselves from being eaten eg. stinging nettles, poisonous berries
compare the ways plants and humans defend themselves against pathogens
- some plants secrete antibacterial chemicals like mint, which prevent the spread of pathogens which is similar to humans who produce tears which are anti bacterial
-plants have cellulose walls and some have bark, which act like a physical barrier, similar to skin on humans
-plants have defences against predators such as thorns, poisons etc., where as humans dont
