Sprain & Strains Flashcards
Common injuries from abnormal stretching or twisting forces that may occur during vigorous activities
Sprains & Strains
Tend to occur around joints and in the spinal musculature
Sprains & Strains
self-limiting (heals within 3-6 weeks)
Sprains & Strains
What is sprains & strains?
-common injuries from abnormal stretching or twisting forces that may occur during vigorous activities
- Tend to occur around joints and in the spinal musculature
-self limiting (heals within 3-6 weeks)
Heal duration of sprain & strain
self limiting (heals within 3 to 6 weeks)
An injury related to the ligaments structures sorrounding a joint
Sprains
usually caused by a wrenching or twisting motion
Sprain
Bands of tissue that connect two bones together in a joint
Ligament
What is ligament?
Bands of tissue that connect two bones together in a joint
occur in the ankles, knees, or wrists
Sprain
Sprain occurs in
-occurs in the ankles, knees, or wrists
What is sprain?
-an injury related to the ligamentous structures sorrounding a joint
- usually caused by wrenching or twisting motion
-ligaments
- occur in the ankles, knees, or wrists
What are the classification of sprain?
-First-degree (mild) sprain
- Second-degree (moderate) sprain
- Third-degree (severe) sprain
involves tears in only a few fibers
First-degree (mild) sprain
mild tenderness and minimal swelling
First-degree (mild) sprain
What is first-degree (mild) sprain
-Involves tears in only a few fibers
- mild tenderness and minimal swelling
partial tearing of the ligament
Second-degree (moderate) sprain
more swelling and tenderness
Second-degree (moderate) sprain
What is second-degree (moderate) sprain
-partial tearing of the ligament
-more swelling and tenderness
a complete tearing of the ligament
third-degree (severe) sprain
moderate to severe swelling; presence of gap
third-degree (severe) sprain
What is third-degree (severe) sprain
-a complete tearing of the ligament
-moderate to severe swelling; presence of gap
excessive stretching of a muscle, a muscles fascial sheath, or a tendon
Strains
occur in the foot, leg (hamstrings), knee, wrist, or back
Strains
Strains occurs in the
foot, leg (hamstrings), knee, wrist, or back
dense fibrous cords of tissue that connect bones to muscles
tendons
What is tendons?
dense fibrous cords of tissue that connect bones to muscles
What is strains?
-excessive stretching of a muscle, a muscles fascial sheath, or a tendon
-occur in the foot, leg (hamstrings), knee, wrist, or back
-tendons
Classification of Strain
-First-degree strain
-Second-degree strain
-Third-degree strain
mild or slightly pulled muscle
First-degree strain
moderate or moderately torn muscle
Second-degree strain
Severely torn or ruptured muscle
Third-degree strain
What is first-degree strain?
mild or slightly pulled muscle
What is second-degree strain?
moderate or moderately torn muscle
What is third-degree strain?
Severely torn or ruptured muscle
Clinical Manifestations of Sprain & Strain
-Pain
-Edema
-Decrease in function
-Bruising
Nursing Management of Sprain & Strain
- Stopping the activity and limiting movement
- Application of ice compresses to the injured area
- Compression of the involved extremity
- Elevation of the extremity
- Providing analgesics as necessary
What analgesics is given?
Ibuprofen
Describe the RICE
R- Rest the injured area for 48 hours
I- Ice for 20-30 minutes at a time, 4 to 8 times per day
C- Compress to help reduce swelling
E- Elevate the injured limb 6 to 10 inches above the heart.
produces hypothermia
cryotherapy
induces vasoconstriction and reduction of pain sensation
cryotherapy
reduces muscle spasms , inflammation and edema
cryotherapy
Nursing management of cryotherapy
-produces hypothermia
- induces vasoconstriction and reduction of pain sensation
- reduces muscle spasms, inflammation and edema
- should not exceed 20 to 30 minutes per application
- ice should not be applied directly to the skin
elastic compression bandage
compression
Nursing management of compression
-elastic compression bandage
- should be wrapped starting distally and progress proximally
- can be left in place for 30 minutes and then removed for 15 mins
Why the compression should be wrapped starting distally and progress proximally?
to prevent edema and encourage fluid return
helps mobilize excess fluid from the area and impede further edema
elevation
Elevation Nursing Management
-elevated above the heart level
- helps mobilize excess fluid from the area and impede further edema
-during sleep
for pain relief & comfort
NSAIDS
Purpose of NSAIDS
for pain relief & comfort
