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CARE OF CLIENTS WITH PROBLEMS IN COORDINATION > GOUT > Flashcards

GOUT Flashcards

1
Q

Elevation of uric acid

A

Gout

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2
Q

deposit of uric acid crystals in one or more joints

A

Gout

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3
Q

sodium urate crystals

A

Gout

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4
Q

painful flares lasting days to weeks followed by long periods without symptoms

A

Gout

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5
Q

What is gout

A

-Elevation of uric acid
-deposit of uric acid crystals in one or more joints
-sodium urate crystals
-painful flares lasting days to weeks followed by long periods without symptoms

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6
Q

Etiology of Gout

A

-Heredity
-Medications
-Prolonged fasting or excessive alcohol

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7
Q

Etiology of Gout in heredity

A

-primary hyperuricemia

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8
Q

Etiology of Gout in medications

A

-secondary hyperuricemia
- inhibit uric acid excretion
- examples: loop diuretics; b blockers

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9
Q

what happens to the condition of gout if there is a prolonged fasting and excessive alcohol

A

increase the production of keto acids; inhibit uric acid excretion

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10
Q

What is the Pathophysiology of Gout?

A

-Crystallization and inflammation
-Metabolic syndrome

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11
Q

Explain the crystallization and inflammation in the pathophysiology of Gout

A

-saturation of the synovial fluid or soft tissues by urates
-urates coalesce crystals
-inflammatory mediators are released

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12
Q

what are the metabolic syndrome?

A

-obesity
- insulin resistance
- hypertension
- hyperlipidemia

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13
Q

Clinical Manifestations of gout

A

Chronic Gout

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14
Q

multiple joint involvement

A

Chronic gout

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15
Q

visible deposits of sodium urate crystals

A

Chronic gout

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16
Q

What is chronic gout?

A

-multiple joint involvement
-visible deposits of sodium urate crystals
-tophi

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17
Q

What is tophi?

A

-visible deposits of sodium urate crystals
-occurs many years after the onset of the disease

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18
Q

occurs many years after the onset of the disease

A

tophi

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19
Q

Complications of Gout

A

-kidney stones
-urinary tract stones
-pyelonephritis

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20
Q

what is pyelonephritis?

A

sodium urate deposits

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21
Q

Diagnostics of Gout

A

-History and physical examination
-Elevated serum uric acid levels
-Elevated uric acid levels in 24-hr urine collection
-Preradiographic studies
-Synovial fluid aspiration

22
Q

What is the gold standard diagnostic of Gout?

A

Synovial fluid aspiration

23
Q

Nutritional Management of Gout

A

-dietary avoidance of food and fluids with high purine content

24
Q

Examples of high purine content foods

A

-anchovies
-liver
-wine
-beer

25
Q

What are the medical management of Gout

A

-Colchicine
-Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
- Selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor
- Uricosurics
- Corticosteroids
-NSAIDs

26
Q

Anti-inflammatory; no analgesics properties

A

Colchicine

27
Q

this drug can be combined with NSAIDs

A

Colchicine

28
Q

Pain relief of colchicine

A

Pain relief within 12 hours of an attack

29
Q

This drug is hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic

A

Colchicine

30
Q

What is colchicine?

A

-anti-inflammatory; no analgesics properties
- combined with NSAIDs
- given orally
- pain relief within 12 hours of an attack
- hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic

31
Q

urate lowering medication

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

32
Q

What is the role of xanthine oxidase inhibitor?

A

prevents future attacks of gout

33
Q

example of xanthine oxidase inhibitor drug

A

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

34
Q

What is xanthine oxidase inhibitor?

A

-urate-lowering medication
- prevents future attacks of gout
- given orally
-Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

35
Q

This drug is given for long term management for chronic gout

A

Selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor

36
Q

Example of selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor drug

A

Febuxostat (Uloric)

37
Q

What is selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor?

A

-given for long term management for chronic gout
-taken orally
-Febuxostat (Uloric)

38
Q

This drug enhances uric acid secretion in the urine

A

Uricosurics

39
Q

This drug prevents attacks; does not cure gout

A

Uricosurics

40
Q

Example of Uricosurics drug

A

Probenecid (Benuryl)

41
Q

What is Uricosurics?

A

-enhances uric acid secretion in the urine
-prevents attacks; does not cure gout
-given orally
-Probenecid (Benuryl)

42
Q

this drug is anti-inflammatory

A

corticosteroids

43
Q

Corticosteroids can be given in what?

A

Corticosteroids can be given either orally or by intra-articular injection

44
Q

Example of corticosteroids drug

A

Prednisone (Prolix)

45
Q

what is corticosteroids?

A

-Anti-inflammatory
-given either orally or by intra-articular injection

46
Q

Example of NSAIDs drug

A

Naproxen (Naprosyn)

47
Q

Nursing Management of Gout

A

-pain management
- warm compress
- cold compress
- bed rest to immobilize affected joint

48
Q

Purpose of warm compress in the management of gout

A

done between attacks to reduce general pain and stiffness

49
Q

Purpose of cold compress

A

done during attacks to relieve pain and inflammation

50
Q

how many minutes to use cold compress?

A

20-30 mins

CARE OF CLIENTS WITH PROBLEMS IN COORDINATION (4 decks)

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