Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 > SPOT/OSPE Revision > Flashcards

SPOT/OSPE Revision Flashcards

0
Q

The accessory (check) ligament arises from which tendon?

A

Deep digital flexor tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris has 2 heads originating where?

A

Ulnar

Humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the long part of the medial collateral ligament also known as?

A

Pronator teres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which is more superficial-external jugular vein or carotid artery?

A

External jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The external jugular vein splits cranially into which 2 veins?

A

Maxillary (laterally) and linguofacial (medially)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the path of the suspensory ligament in the distal equine linb

A

Originates at the proximal cannon bone (MC), behind the knee (caudally) between the splint bones
It then branches out and attaches to the sesamoids.
From here it wraps around the front of the pastern (proximal and middle phalanxes) and attaches to the coffin bone (DP).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do the interosseous ligaments connect in the horse?

A

Connect the cannon bone to each splint bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What comprises the respiratory membrane?

A

Alveolar cell basement membrane
Capillary basement membrane
Capillary endothelium
Red blood cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which nerve runs with the sympathetic trunk in the neck?

What do they form?

A

Vagus

Forms the vagosympathetic trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of what nerve?
As it runs up the neck, what does it loop around on the left?
What about the right?

A

Vagus
Left- aorta
Right- right subclavian artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does the thoracic duct lie?

A

Unpaired, lies on the left in the thorax

Is found on the oesophagus cranial to the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which nerve runs along the vena cava?

A

Phrenic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which unpaired vein terminates at the junction of the cranial vena cava and the right atrium?

A

Azygous vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does the pancreas lie in the chicken?

A

In the duodenal loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In a chicken, what is a comb and wattle?

A

Comb=flap on top of head

Wattle=flap under neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In a chicken, how long does food remain in the crop for?

A

Up to 12 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In a chicken, what happens in the proventriculus?

A

Digestive enzymes are added. Physical grinding of food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In a chicken, what are the two parts of the stomach called?

A

Proventriculus and gizzard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In a chicken, what happens in the gizzard?

A

Muscular part of stomach. Uses grit to grind grains and fibre into smaller, more digestible pieces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In chickens, what is the ceca?

A

A blind sac along the lower intestinal tract where bacteria help break down undigested food. Becomes the large intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Out of hay, haylage and silage, which is wettest and which is driest?

A

Silage is wettest, then haylage, then hay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the muscle arrangement within tertiary bronchi?

A

Spiral arrangement, to enable contraction in both length and diameter during expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do the 2 superficial cervical lymph nodes drain?

A

Caudal and lateral neck, and a large part of the thoracic limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The brachial plexus lies ventral to which muscle?

A

Scaleneus

24
Q

Which lymph node lies caudally to the brachial plexus?

A

Axillary lymph node

25
Q

Which muscle turns the paw inwards?

A

Pronator quadratus

26
Q

In the antebrachium, the brachial artery continues into which artery?

A

Median atery

27
Q

What does the pronator quadratus muscle do?

What about the supinator?

A

Pronator quadratus=turns the paw inwards

Supinator=turns the paw outwards

28
Q

Where does the superficial digital flexor tendon insert?

What about the deep digital flexor tendon?

A

Proximal border of middle phalanx (digits 2-5)

Tuberosity of distal phalanx (all digits)

29
Q

How many parathyroid glands are there and where are they situated?

A

Two glands associated with each thyroid gland

One lies on the surface of the thyroid, and one is embedded towards the caudal pole of the thyroid

30
Q

Where does the vagus nerve separate from the sympathetic trunk?

A

At the middle cervical ganglion

31
Q

What does the thoracic duct drain?

A

Lymph from the gut into the cranial vena cava

32
Q

What is the function of lymph?

A

Drains interstitial fluid, transports dietary lipids, and facilitates immune responses by draining antigens from tissues to lymph nodes and eventually the blood

33
Q

Where does the greater omentum originate and insert?
What does it cover?
What is between the 2 layers?
What is the only opening in between the layers?

A

Originates from greater curvature of stomach and extends as far caudally as the bladder, where it then folds back on itself to insert on the greater curvature of the stomach.
Covers the intestines.
Potential space-the Omental Bursa.
The epiploic foramen

34
Q

The mesoduodenum contains what?

A

Right lobe of pancreas

35
Q

What lies in the deep leaf of the greater omentum?

A

Left lobe of pancreas

36
Q

At which stage of the oestrus cycle is the cervix:
Firm
Soft

A

Firm-luteal

Soft-follicular

37
Q

In a horse, where does ovulation occur?

A

Ovulation fossa (indentation on ovary)

38
Q

Where does fertilisation occur?

A

Ampulla of oviduct

39
Q

Where is sperm stored in the female tract?

A

Isthmus

40
Q

Explain the relationship between the ovarian artery and vein

A

Counter-current transfer of prostaglandins from uterus to ovary

41
Q

Why does the equine conceptus need to ‘run around’/migrate in the uterus for 10 days?

A

To remain spherical

42
Q

How does the consistency of cervical mucus change with the stage of the oestrus cycle?

A

Oestrus=more fluid

Luteal=more sticky

43
Q

Where is semen usually deposited:
Naturally
At AI

A

Naturally=at exterior opening of cervix

At AI=at interior opening of cervix

44
Q

What is the function of the amniotic membranes and cavity?

A

Encloses foetus and provides hydrostatic protection for foetus. Becomes mucoid at end of pregnancy to form lubricant for birth

45
Q

What vessels does the umbilical cord contain?

A

One umbilical vein taking blood from placenta to foetus.

Two umbilical arteries taking blood from foetus to placenta.

46
Q

What does the phrenic nerve innervate?

A

Diaphragm

47
Q

What aka the function of the alar ligaments?

What do they attach?

A

Limit rotation of the head, but allow side to side movements. Connect occipital condyle to axis

48
Q

What is contained within the tympanic bulla?

What is the large hole in its side? What covers it in life?

A

The middle ear cavity and its ossicles

This is the external acoustic meatus. The tympanic membrane closes this opening.

49
Q

Where in the liver is the right renal impression located?

Which species does not have one and why?

A

Caudate process

Pig, as the kidney does not contact the liver

50
Q

Which liver lobe is largest in: (out of caudate and papillary)
Ox
Sheep

A 
Ox= caudate lobe 
Sheep= papillary lobe
51
Q

What does the falciform ligament attach?

A

Liver to ventral body wall

52
Q

What is the round ligament of the liver a remnant of?

What does it do?

A

Foetal umbilical vein

Divides left lobe of liver into medial and lateral segments

53
Q

Which liver lobe is lacking in horses?

A

Papillary

Also, no gallbladder

54
Q

The gallbladder is always located between which 2 lobes of the liver?

A

Right lobe and quadrate lobe

55
Q

What is the function of taenial bands in the large intestine?

A

Aid in mixing and propulsion

56
Q 
How many taenial bands are present in the horse:
Caecum
RVC (right ventral colon)
LVC
LDC (left dorsal colon)
RDC
Transverse colon
Small colon
A 
Caecum- 4
RVC (right ventral colon)- 4
LVC- 4
LDC (left dorsal colon)- 1
RDC- 3
Transverse colon- 2
Small colon- 2
57
Q

In the pig, the left gastric artery is a branch of what?

A

Splenic

58
Q

In ruminants, where are the colon, jejunum, omasum, abomasum and liver located?

A

Right side of abdomen

Year 2 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions