Sports Psychology Flashcards
list the four types of guidance
- Visual
- Verbal
- Manual
- Mechanical
define visual guidance
when guidance is presented in a form that the performer can look at
e.g. live demonstration, video, poster
what are the advantages (4) and disadvantages (3) of visual guidance
ADVANTAGES
- vision is people’s most dominant sense
- useful for all levels
- whole skill is observed
- performers can copy what they’ve seen
DISADVANTAGES
- some skills are too complex to be demonstrated
- not effective if the performers are not paying attention
define verbal guidance
a coach describes how to perform a skill or tells a performer to do something
what are the advantages (4) and disadvantages (4) of verbal guidance
ADVANTAGES
- questioning can make the performer think
- useful for high level performers
- useful for short, basic information and instructions
- good way to highlight key teaching points
DISADVANTAGES
- some skills are too complex to be explained
- information overload
- can be boring
- sports arenas are often too noisy to hear anything
define manual guidance
involves a coach physically moving a performer into the correct position
what are the advantages (2) and disadvantages (2) of manual guidance
ADVANTAGES
- good for complete beginners
- allows some development of correct feel
DISADVANTAGES
- performer may not think that they are actually performing it themselves
- movement can feel different when someone else is moving your body for you
define mechanical guidance
when equipment is used to assist in the coaching process
what are the advantages (3) and disadvantages (2) of mechanical guidance
ADVANTAGES
- good for performing dangerous skills
- can allow the performer to gain a feel for the movement without fear
- good for building confidence
DISADVANTAGES
- equipment may be expensive
- performer can come to rely on the aid
list the four types of feedback
- Concurrent
- Intrinsic
- Extrinsic
- Terminal
define concurrent feedback (3)
- takes place during the performance (can be intrinsic or extrinsic)
- a performer makes adjustments to their movement as they go
- a coach could verbally instruct them to make a change
define intrinsic feedback (3)
- comes from within
- self assessment and self correction based on if the movement feels right or not
- relates to how a movement feels, which is known as kinaesthetic feel
define extrinsic feedback (2)
- comes from a coach
- in the form of visual or verbal as the coach relays what the performer did wrong
define terminal feedback (2)
- received after the performance, either straight away or sometime later
- always comes from an extrinsic feedback source
