Sports Medicine quiz #2 Flashcards
What does RICE stand for
Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate
What does sharp stand for
Swelling, Heat, Altered Movement, Redness, Pain
What does PAIL stand for
Puncture, Abrasion, Incision, Lacerations
Whats soft tissue
Muscle, ligaments, tendons, tissue
Whats hard tissue
Teeth & bones
Whats a blowout fracture (who, how, where)
- Hockey Player
- Puck to the eye, eye is pushed back into eye socket
- Trauma to the orbit bone
Whats a pathological fracture (who, how, where)
- Women
- Poor diet, improper nutrition
- Bone tumor weakens bones
What is a epiphyseal fracture
(who, how, where)
- Kids
- Falling or twisting
- Growth plate, because bony tissue is stronger then the epipysis
What is a Greenstick fracture (who, how, where)
- Kids
- Falling down
- Bones still have some properties of cartilage, these bones tend to bend and fracture only partway through
Blisters (s.s, treatment)
- Fluid-filled sore
- Fully drain, clean and cover
- Leave and moleskin
Athletes foot (s.s, treatment)
- In between toes red rash cuts cause bacteria
- Wear flipflops, use creams and ointments, wear and clean socks
Plantar Fasciitis (s.s, treatment)
- Pain/tightness in the arch of the foot
- Roll out foot ex pop can, ball
- Ice
- Splint at night
Nosebleed (s.s, treatment)
- Blood from nose
- Lean and pinch
- Cloth
- Ice neck
Nose Break (s.s, treatment)
- Deformed, bruising under eye, swelling
- Doctor needed, MAY re-align
Hyphema (s.s, treatment)
- Bleeding infront of eye
- Doctor needed, surgery may be needed
Hematoma (s.s, treatment)
- Blood under nails
- Sore, swell, bruising
- See a doctor to relieve pressure
- Drill hole into the nail and under
Shin Splints (s.s, treatment)
- Pain running up and down shin
- RICE
- New shoes
- Stop over traning
Side stitch (s.s, treatment)
- Discomfort in the abdomen
- Tightness, spasm
- Drink fluids
- Rest, decrease effort
Whats an incision
An open wound made a cutting object
Whats an abrasion
Scraping off a layer of skin, may or may not bleed
Whats a contusion
Bruise, and bleeding under the skin causes swelling and discoloration. Black eye
Whats a laceration
Jagged, irregular open wound created by a noncutting object ex pole. Run into a goalpost. Cut
Whats an avulsion
Tearing away of a body part. Ex finger on bball hoop, earring. SKin + bone
Whats an amputation
Part is completely cut away from the body. Ex skate takes off the finger
Whats a puncture
Pointy object enters body , stepping on a nail, come infected easy
Whats a contrecoup
The opposite side of an initial injury. Head hits an unyielding object, and the impact to back fo the head forces the brain against t the anterior part of the skull
When to use cold on injuries
Acute injuries that are accompanied by inflammation and swelling, such as sprains, strains, bruises and tendinitis.
When to use heat on injuries
Use heat for chronic, non-inflammatory pain or stiffness, such as from arthritis, fibromyalgia, back or neck pain.
When you have a concussion what SYMPTOMS would you FEEL
Headache, pain, nausea, fatigue, dizzyiness
When you have a concussion what SIGNS would you SEE
Blood, pale, deformities, bruises swelling, vomiting
How to diagnose concussion
There is no way to show a concussion, only need one symptom
Who takes the longest to heal from concussions, and who is more susceptible
Adolescents
Women
Whats second impact syndrome
You can get another, way worse, head injury, when you dont let the first concussion heal
Whats a avulsion fracture
Piece of bone attached to ligament or tendon gets pulled from main part of bone
Whats a stress fracture
Tiny cracks in a bone. Caused by repetitive force, often from overuse
Whats a spiral fracture
One of your bones is broken with a twisting motion.
Whats a longitudinal fracture
Fractures that occur along (or nearly along) the axis of the bone.
Whats a compression fracture
force from two sides of the bone
Whats a oblique fracture
one of your bones is broken at an angle - diagonal
Whats a comminuted fracture
Many pieces of bone broken, crushed into small pieces
Whats a transverse fracture
Horizontal - impacts perpendicular to the bone
Whats a depressed fracture
Direct impact to skull, so it indents
When can a player return to sport
- Doctors notes
- 75% strength
- Mentally ready
- Range of motion back
- Minimum pain
In a sprain the injury occurs to a
ligament
In a strain the injurt occurs to the
Tendon
Break of bone is a
Fracture
Displacement of bone is a
dislocation
Whats acute injury
happen in a split second
What a chronic injury
Overuse of one area of the body and develop gradually over time.
Whats wear and tear
Chronic injury
Injury that keeps happening over time
reoccuring
Bruise is a
contusion
Whats the connective tissue beetween muscle and bone
Tendon
WHats the connective tissue beetween bone and bone
Ligament
Whats the tissue that occurs at the end of bones
Cartilage
Ways to assess severity of a concussion
Memory test, walk in a line, pupil dialation
Ways to prevent concussion
- Technique
- Sourroundings
- Protection
- Improve neck strength
