Sports

Question 1

Characteristics of a Sport Group

Answer 1

Groupness.
•Common identity.
•Common goals or objectives.
•Common fate.
•Structured pattern of interaction.
•Group structure.
•Personal and task interdependence.
•Interpersonal attraction.

Question 2

Group Cohesion

Answer 2

Cohesion is the most important small group variable.
•Need a sense of “we.”
•It is multidimensional and dynamic.
•Why a group sticks together and remains united in its pursuit of a goal.

Question 3

Factors that Influence Cohesion

Answer 3

Two types of cohesion:

•task cohesion.
•social cohesion.

Cohesion depends on:

•Perception: can come from group members or other groups.
•Group integration: Each individual’s perceptions of the group as a total unit, set, or collection.
•Individual attractions to the group: Each individual’s personal attractions to the group.

Question 4

Environmental Factors

Answer 4

Proximity.
•Individuals physically closer tend to bond together (locker room, dorm, travel, classes, et cetera).

Size.
•Moderate sized groups show greatest cohesion, and larger and smaller groups exhibited the least (Inverted-U relationship).

Question 5

Personal Factors

Answer 5

Characteristics, beliefs, or behaviors of group members.
•Satisfaction.
Competitive state anxiety- Athletes who perceive their teams to be higher in task cohesion experience less cognitive anxiety.
•Social loafing - Individuals tend to decrease the amount of effort they expend when completing a group task compared to the amount of effort expended when alone.

Question 6

Team Factors ROLES

Answer 6

A set of behaviors that are expected from the occupants of specific positions within the group.

Formal roles.
•Explicitly set up by the group, individuals are trained for these roles.
•Coach, team captain, and manager.

Informal roles.
•The result of the interactions that take place among group members, not assigned.
•Leader, task booster, enforcer, mentor, team clown, et cetera.

Question 7

Role Clarity versus Ambiguity

Answer 7

Role ambiguity .
•Lack of clear consistent information regarding one’s role.

Question 8

Team Factors: GROUP PROCESSES

Answer 8

•Establish group goals and rewards.
•Communication.
•Circular relationship to cohesiveness.

Question 9

Team Building Approach carron and eys

Answer 9

The Spink and Carron approach.
•An indirect intervention process.
•Introductory stage.
•Conceptual stage.
•Practical stage.
•Intervention stage.
•Steps 1 to 3 occur during coach-sport psychology specialist interactions.
•Coach learns about group dynamics and preps strategies to develop cohesion within his or her team.

Question 10

Stages of Team Building carron eys

Answer 10

Introduction stage.
*Sport psychologist provides a brief overview of the general benefits of group cohesion.

Conceptual stage.
*Sport psychologist teaches coach about the various components of the team building protocol.
*Helps coach identify key areas to focus efforts.

Practical stage.
*Coaches engage in an interactive brainstorming session.
*Generate specific team building strategies.
*Coach must be involved because:

*Personality and preference.
*What is effective with one group may be ineffective with another group.
*Controls protocol, which increases investment.

Question 11

Common identity

Answer 11

Members see themselves as group members.

Question 12

Common goals or objectives

Answer 12

Specific short and long-term goals for all members.

Question 13

Common fate

Answer 13

Success or failure is shared by team members to some extent.

Question 14

Structured pattern of interaction

Answer 14

verbal and non-verbal communication and interaction styles that are specific to the group.

Question 15

Group structure

Answer 15

Developing common beliefs and behaviors involving roles, status, and norms.

Question 16

Personal and task interdependence

Answer 16

Members rely on one another to perform, to achieve goals, and develop relationships.

Question 17

Interpersonal attraction

Answer 17

Friendships and closeness typically develop among teammates.

Question 18

Characteristics That Are Used to Describe a Sport Group

Answer 18

1 – Common identity – Members see themselves as group members.

#2 – Common goals or objectives – Specific short and long-term goals for all members.
#3 – Common fate – Success or failure is shared by team members to some extent.
#4 – Structured pattern of interaction – verbal and non-verbal communication and interaction styles that are specific to the group.
#5 – Group structure – Developing common beliefs and behaviors involving roles, status, and norms.
#6 – Personal and task interdependence – Members rely on one another to perform, to achieve goals, and develop relationships.
#7 – Interpersonal attraction – Friendships and closeness typically develop among teammates.

Question 19

Personal Factors

Answer 19

Satisfaction – if you feel valued and competent, have good social relations with other group members and coaches, and are recognized by others. Competitive state anxiety – athletes with higher task cohesion, experience less competitive anxiety. Social loafing – people tend to exhibit less effort when completing a group task than when alone.

Question 20

Team Factors Roles 5

Answer 20

roll efficacy
role conflict,
roll overload
roll satisfaction,
roll performance

Question 21

Factors that influence cohesion

Answer 21

Task - focussed on a specific task and how well they complete them

Social - connecting with teammates and build relationships ex: social component is practice

Question 22

Cohesion Four general categories

Answer 22

Environmental factors
Personal factors
Leadership factors
Team factors

Question 23

Teambuilding strategies 5

Answer 23

Distinctiveness, individuals, group, norms, individual sacrifices, interaction and communication

Question 24

Four General Catagories of cohesion
KNOWWWWW

Answer 24

enviormental factors
personal factors
leadership factors
team factors like roles

Question 25

Cohesion depends on…..

Answer 25

Perception – what draws you to be apart of that group

​Group integration – each individual’s perception of the group as a total unit, set, or
collection. Perception has to meet group integration or else you will be disappointed.

Individual attractions to the group – each individual’s personal attractions to the group.

Question 26

Team Values Toronto Maple Leaves

Answer 26

Team Toughness
Team speed
Team defense
work ethic
Accountability
Positive Attitude
Respect
Loyalty
Leadership
Commitment