Sport Psychology Flashcards
What’s a continuum
A line that goes between 2 extremes. Continua means more than 1 continuum.
Open Closed
Basic(simple) Complex
Low organisation Highorganisation
What are open skills
Skills affected by the environment, need to be constantly adapted by the performer
A pass in hockey
A rugby tackle
Dribbling on football
Conditions are unstable and unlikely to be the same each time the skill is performed
What are closed skills?
Those that aren’t affected by the surrounding environment, they don’t need to be adapted because the situations are always stable:
- penalty kick in football
- a gymnastic vault
- a tennis serve
What are based (simple) skills
Those that: -are simple -require little thought -do not need much information to be processed -little decision making . Running . Cycling . Swimming . Chest pass
What are closed skills?
Skills that are: - difficult - require thought and concentration -require a lot of information -lot of decision making . Trying to dribble past defenders . Rock climbing .
What are low organisation skills?
Those that are: -easy to do - have clear separate phases . Tennis serve . Triple jump in athletics
What are high organisation skills?
Skills that are: -harder to do -have phases that aren’t clearly broken down without affecting the skill . Tumbling in gymnastics . A golf swing
What’s massed practice?
When there are little or no breaks in a session, the same skill is repeated over and over again, 30 mins of forehand drives in tennis
👍correct movement is grooved so it is repeated next time
👎boring
👎be tiring and leads to errors
When’s massed practice used?
When performer is:
Skilled and motivated
Older
Very fit
And when the skill is: Simple Closed Low organisation Not dangerous
Ex- squash player continuously hitting forehand drives until they master the skill
What’s distributed practice?
When there are breaks in the session providing rest periods or changes of activity, fewer repetitions and several skills are practiced
👍doesn’t get tiring
👍prevents boredom
👎takes longer to learn the skills they need
When’s distributes practice used?
When the performer is:
A beginner
Young
Not fit
When the skill is Complex Open Dangerous High organisation
What’s fixed practice?
When the whole movement of a skill is repeatedly practiced in the same way so it becomes well learned, not broken into smaller parts
When’s fixed practice used?
When the sport is mainly made up of closed skills.
During fixed practice:
The situation doesn’t change
The routine is repeated and grooved until it becomes automatic the equipment stays the same
What’s variable practice?
When the same skill is repeated in different situations, learning skills in different practices means the performer is experienced.
When’s variable practice used?
When a sport is mainly made up of open skills because the situation is changing
Level of difficulty can be increased
