Sport and Athletic Games Movement Flashcards
1
Q
1750-1850 Physical culture and sport impacted by:
A
- Space restriction in cities
- Time restrictions (12-14 hour workdays, 6 days/week)
- Reduction of public holidays
- Puritan impact on industrial leaders
2
Q
What impact did the industrial revolution have on sport?
A
- Businesses were open as much as possible
- Efficiency was essential
- Industry didn’t depend on daylight, people were living by the clock
- Holidays were inefficient –> drastic reduction
- People had limited time for recreation and sport
- People were used to working and resting, not expending energy for the sake of energy
3
Q
1850-1900 Physical culture and sport was impacted by:
A
- New urban society
- Commercial interests in sport
- Technology (rail, telegraph, mass production, rubber, electricity)
- Moral and social reformers
4
Q
Egocentric physical education:
A
- Focussed on the individual
- Development of the individual
- Young men started to distinguish themselves through sport rather than assimilate
- Principally British
- Competition
- Material gain was absent
5
Q
Values of egocentrism:
A
- Honesty
- Fairplay
- (dis)interest
- Sportsmanship
- Effort
- Initiative
- Courage
- Extend from the moral imperative of chivalry
6
Q
Dominant for of egocentric physical education:
A
- Athletic games
- Sport for sport’s sake
- Interested but disinterest
Interested in the moment, not in the outcome - Amateurism
7
Q
Ethnocentric sport:
A
- Rational physical education
* Coordinating, linear movement
8
Q
Origins of egocentrism:
A
Classical Athenian Model * Revival interest in Ancient Greeks * Evolution of modern archaeology * Arete Modern British Model * Muscular Christianity
9
Q
Muscular Christianity:
A
- Christian commitment to piety and physical health
* Associated with Dr. Thomas Arnold, Thomas Hughes, Charles Kingsley
10
Q
Why was the emergence of amateurism a radical change in society?
A
- People were conscious of people paying attention to their health
- Physically active generation was a radical change in society
- Previous generation was influenced by the Industrial Revolution
- Why were people wasting energy
11
Q
Ethical and Moral Influences on Muscular Christians:
A
- Social Darwinism
- Charles Kingsley influenced by Origin and became first clerical Darwinist
- Natural selection and survival of the fittest is a socially progressive norm
- Britain saw themselves as a dominant race based on their ability of conquering
12
Q
Public schools:
A
- Private charter schools in Britain
- Strongest evidence of Muscular Christianity
- School life set students up for their futures
- Boys who could keep up demonstrated leadership
- Explicit and implicit curriculum
13
Q
Explicit public school curriculum:
A
- Greek, Latin, philosophy, literature, art
* Education for the sake of education
14
Q
Implicit public school curriculum
A
- Manner, established social netowkrs
* Men of the same class bonded together
15
Q
Official public school sport:
A
- Aristocratic sport
- Fishing, hunting, riding
- Egocentric
