Sponges Flashcards
What are some characteristics of an asconoid?
Simple body form
Tube shaped
Flagellated spongocoel
Simple water flow
What are some characteristics of a synocoid?
Thicker, Narrower body wall
Radial canals lined with choanocytes
Spongocoel lined with epithlial cells
Prosopyles
Apopyles
Complex water flow
What are some characteristics of a leuconoid
Very complex
Flagellated chambers
Incurrent chambers
Excurrent canals
Multiple ocula
Complex water flow
What is the difference between regeneration and reorganization in sponges
Regeneration is self healing bits of a sponge, reorganization is when bits of tissues develop into a new sponge
Define Viviparous sponges
Sperm released by 1 sponge which is then phagocized by a different sponges chonocytes
This is internal fertilization and are retained as zygotes then released as larva
Define oviparous sponges
Oocyte and sperms released into open waters
Fertilization occurs outside, and the zygote develops into ciliated larva
What is a parenchymula?
The free-swimming larva of most sponges
What are some unique features of class calcispongiae
calcium carbonate spicules, 3/4 rays
Small and vase shaped
All body forms
What are some unique features of class hexactinellida
Six rayed silica spicules
Mostly deep sea forms
Unique tissue structures
What are some unique features of class demospongiae
95% of sponge species
Siliceous NOT 6 rayed spicules
Leuconoid body forms
What are some unique features of class homoscleromorpha
Marine in cryptic habits
Pinacoderm layer with true basement membrane
What are some features of Marine demosponges
Saltwater only
Highly varied in colour and shape
Majority of sponges
What are some unique features of Freshwater demosponges
Die in late autumn, leaving gemmules
Can reproduce sexually
well oxygenated ponds and springs
What are some unique features of bath sponges
Lack siliceous spicules
Have spongin skeletons
