Spoken language - CLA

Question 1

reflexive vocalisation

Answer 1

0-2 months
natural sounds such as crying, burping or coughing
reactions to hunger / discomfort or physical sounds

Question 2

Cooing

Answer 2

2-4 months
greater control over the sounds they make, babies begin to laugh and coo - sounds from the back of the mouth (K,G)

Question 3

Vocal play

Answer 3

4-6 months
testing the vocal equipment - children play with loud and soft, high and low pitch

Question 4

babbling

Answer 4

repeating patterns of syllables
- reduplicative babbling - bababababa
- variegated babbling - gabababo
At first there is phonetic expansion - the number of phonemes the child uses increases
- followed by phonetic contraction - where the child reduces number of phonemes to only those used in their own language

Question 5

Proto-words

Answer 5

beginnings of sense words - may mean something to the child and the parent

Question 6

Understanding

Answer 6

by the end of the first year they can recognise basic responses / commands.

Question 7

Plosives

Answer 7

made by blocking a part of the mouth so that no air can pass through and when air is released the sound is created

Question 8

Fricatives

Answer 8

produced by forcing air through narrow channel by placing two articulators close together

Question 9

Affricates

Answer 9

begin as plosives but upon release become fricatives

Question 10

Approximants

Answer 10

sounds that involve articulators approaching each other but not enough to create a turbulent airflow

Question 11

Nasal

Answer 11

where air escapes through the nose rather than through the mouth

Question 12

fronting

Answer 12

when speakers replace a consonant with another that is made further forward in the mouth. The sound will be of the same manner.

Question 13

backer

Answer 13

when speakers replace a consonant with another that is made further back in the mouth. The sound will be of the same manner.

Question 14

Gliding

Answer 14

when a speaker replaces one approximant with another