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English > Spoken Language > Flashcards

Spoken Language Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

What is an intensifier?

A

a word that strengthens the meaning of another word or phrase (absolutely,extremely,so,too)

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2
Q

What is a mitigator?

A

a word that makes a word/phrase more weak (opposite of an intensifier). (rather,quite,fairly,a little)

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3
Q

What is a vocative?

A

a word/phrase used to address someone directly (sir,miss, saraika,jimi)

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4
Q

What is archaism?

A

use of language that is considered outdated/old-fashioned (thee,thou)

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5
Q

A portmanteau word

A

a word made by combining two words to form a new word with a new meaning (spork, brunch)

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6
Q

What is Jargon?

A

specialised language used by people in the same profession

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7
Q

What is an expletive?

A

a swear word

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8
Q

What is neologism?

A

a newly coined or invented word (like deepfake and skibidi)

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9
Q

What is a homonym?

A

a word with the same spelling/pronunciation as another word with a different meaning. (bare/bear)

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10
Q

What is an antonym?

A

A word with the opposite meaning to another word.(right/wrong,good/bad)

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11
Q

What is an epithet?

A

An adjective used before someone’s name, often something that ascribes them with a characteristic or quality. (a happy person / Brave Macbeth)

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12
Q

What is collocation?

A

A predictable combination of words (fish and chip/blue skies)

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13
Q

What is a lexical set/field?

A

A lexical set is a group of words with the same topic. (‘cat,dog,goldfish,lion,giraffe’ is part of the lexical set of pets)

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14
Q

What is a syndeton?

A

the use of connectives

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15
Q

What is a syndetic pair?

A

two words joined by a connective

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16
Q

What is syndetic listing?

A

when a sentence contains a list, and within the list there are one or more connectives.

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17
Q

What is an asyndeton?

A

a lack of connectives

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18
Q

What is an asyndetic pair?

A

words that are connected without a connective

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19
Q

What is asyndetic listing?

A

series of items without connectives(with commas instead)

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20
Q

What is asyndetic listing?

A

series of items without connectives(with commas instead)

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21
Q

What is epizeuxis?

A

repetition of words or phrases in quick succession (“Threaten me all you want, I wont do it.I wont! I wont! I wont!”)

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22
Q

What is epizeuxis?

A

repetition of words or phrases in quick succession (“Threaten me all you want, I wont do it.I wont! I wont! I wont!”)

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23
Q

What is anaphora?

A

repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several sentences or clauses

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24
Q

What is anaphora?

A

repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several sentences or clauses

25
Q

What is premodification?

A

using a word or phrase that gives more details or limits the meaning of a noun n some way. Pre modifiers always come before the noun they describe.

26
Q

What is postmodification?

A

using a word or phrase that gives more details or limits the meaning of a noun in some way. Post modifiers always come after the noun they describe.

27
Q

What is eloquent register?

A

writing/speech in a fluent/persuasive manner

28
Q

What is formal register?

A

writing/speech that is elevated, precise, professional,and impersonal

29
Q

What is a neutral register?

A

speech/writing that is non-emotional and fact based

30
Q

What is informal register?

A

speech/writing is conversational and spontaneous

31
Q

What is colloquial register?

A

speech/writing with a lack of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and usually contains slang

32
Q

What is a vulgar register?

A

speech/writing that uses childish language

33
Q

What is dialect?

A

language affected by area

34
Q

What is sociolect?

A

language affected by social group

35
Q

What is idiolect?

A

the way the individual speaks

36
Q

What is hypophora?

A

answering your own question

37
Q

What is epiphora?

A

repetition of a word or phrase at the end of the clause/sentence. (contrast with anaphora)

38
Q

What is anadiplosis?

A

a device where the last word/phrase of a clause/sentence is repeated at the beginning of the next

39
Q

What are litotes?

A

the use of a double negative to make an understatement (It’s not that bad)(It’s not rocket science)(I wouldn’t say no)

40
Q

What is bathos?

A

a sudden change from a significant/important subject to an ordinary/boring one

41
Q

What is verbal irony?

A

when one thing is said but another is meant

42
Q

What is figurative language?

A

all the types of non-literal figures of speech/expressions (metaphors,similes,personification,hyperbole)

43
Q

What is euphony?

A

pleasing, smooth sound combinations

44
Q

What is hedging?

A

making a phrase less definite - more unsure (kind of, a bit)

45
Q

What is a tag question?

A

short questions added to the end of a sentence to ask for confirmation (We’ve checked in, haven’t we?)

46
Q

What is elision?

A

leaving out a sound or syllable when speaking. (I don’t know > I dunno)

47
Q

What is contraction?

A

the shortening of 2 or more words by using an apostrophe to miss out sounds (I’ve, we’ve)

48
Q

What is a topic loop?

A

returning to a topic from earlier in conversation/text

49
Q

What is an idiom?

A

a phrase that actually means something different from its literal meaning (its raining cats and dogs)

50
Q

What is an expletive?

A

swear words

51
Q

What is agenda setting?

A

setting which topics are important or that you want the audience to be influenced by

52
Q

What are adjacency pairs?

A

pairs of phrases where the first phrase demands some sort of response (Are you okay? Fine thanks)

53
Q

What is the ‘Maxim of Manner’?

A

being clear

54
Q

What is ‘Maxim of Relevance’?

A

being relevant

55
Q

What is the ‘Maxim of Quality’?

A

being truthful/ what you believe to be true

56
Q

What is ‘Maxim of Quantity’?

A

saying the right amount (depending on context)

57
Q

What is positive politeness?

A

giving compliments, taking an interest

58
Q

What is negative politeness?

A

not imposing/ softening the blow - NOT BEING RUDE (is it okay if?, could u possibly?)

59
Q

What is face threatening act?

A

being rude

English (2 decks)

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