Spm Ungarsk Midterm

Question 1

Xylazine side effects

Answer 1

Emesis and vomiting
Bradycardia
Arrhythmias
Horses sweating
Ecbolication: contraindicated in late pregnancy
Ru: tympani
Slight muscle tremor
A-V heart block
Decrease respiratory rate

Question 2

Active substances affecting preload

Answer 2

Preload: blood flow into aorta
DIURETICS: decrease preload
ACE INHIBITORS: decr. Preload
NITROGLYCERINE: incr. Preload

Question 3

Active substances affecting contractility

Answer 3

Contractility: ability of the heart to contract
DIGITALIS GLYCOSIDES: incr. Contractility
EPINEPHRINE: incr HR
INODIALATORS: positive inotropic effect
PDE INHIBITORS: positive inotropic effect

Question 4

Active substances affecting afterload

Answer 4

Afterload: peripheral resistance (decr. During vasodialation)
ACE INHIBITORS: decr. Afterload
INODIALATORS: Vasidialation —> decr. Afterload
NITROGLYCENINE: Arterious and venous dialation—> decr. Afterload
PDE INHIBITORS: Arterious and venous dialation—> decr. Afterload

Question 5

Lidocaine canine IV dose

Answer 5

2-4 mg/kg Loading dose, followed by continous infusion

Question 6

Adrenalin indications

Answer 6

«Invoking a sympathomimetic effect»

Agonist of :
alpha1 - peripheral vasoconstrictors
Alpha2 - Hypnosedatives and GI inhibitors
Beta1 - Myocardial stimulants
Beta2 - Vasodialators and Bronchodialators

Indications: ANAPHYLAXIS, HEART STIMULATION IN CPR, ASTHMA ATTACK, LOW BP