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ABDO > Spleen > Flashcards

Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

The spleen is part of which system?

A

Reticuloendothelial system

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2
Q

The main function of the spleen is to

A

filter peripheral blood
(peripheral = limbs)
-red pulp filters the blood

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3
Q

The spleen plays an important role in

A

defense against disease

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4
Q

The spleen is often affected by

A

systemic disease processes

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5
Q

The spleen lies in the

A

left hypochondrium

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6
Q

The lower pole extends forward as far as the

A

midaxillary line

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7
Q

The spleen is a ____peritoneal organ

A

intra

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8
Q

splenorenal ligament

A

Spleen to the stomach & L. kidney

contact w/ the posterior peritoneal wall

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9
Q

In contact with the _____ peritoneal wall

A

posterior

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10
Q

Ligaments of the spleen

A
  1. gastrosplenic
  2. splenorenal
  3. splenocolic
  4. splenophrenic
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11
Q

Reticuloendothelial system comprises of what organs and structures?

A

kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, connective tissue and blood

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12
Q

The spleen is covered by

A

protective capsule - Peritoneum
except for hilum

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13
Q

What are the tissue called inside of the lobules

A

pulp (white and red)

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14
Q

a portion of the splenic capsule is adherent to?

A

the fused dorsal mesentery, anterior to the upper pole of the L. Kidney (bare area)

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15
Q

Gastrosplenic ligament

A

spleen to stomach

2 layers of dorsal mesentery that separates the lesser sac posteriorly from the greater sac anteriorly

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16
Q

Splenocolic ligament

A

peritoneal ligament connecting the splenic capsule to transverse colon

component of the greater omentum

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17
Q

Splenophrenic ligament

A

spleen to diaphragm

fold of the peritoneum

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18
Q

Mass in left upper quadrant may displace the spleen:

A

inferiorly

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19
Q

Subclavian abscess, splenic cyst, left pleural effusion will displace the spleen:

A

caudal displacement

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20
Q

volume loss in left lung, left lobe pneumonia, paralysis of the left hemidiaphragm or large intraabdominal mass will displace the spleen:

A

cephalic displacement

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21
Q

wandering spleen

A

spleen that has migrated from its normal location in the LUQ

20 - 40 yr olds

22
Q

Splenic agenesis

A

the complete absence of the spleen

23
Q

polysplenia

A

multiple small accessory spleens rather than a single, full-sized, normal spleen

24
Q

accessory spleen

A

small nodule of splenic tissue found apart from the main body of the spleen

result of the fusion of separate splenic masses

25
Q

visceral heterotaxy

A

wrong spot

anomalous placement or transportation of viscera or parts

horizontal liver, malrotation of the gut, interruption of the inferior vena cava

26
Q

bilateral right-sidedness

A

no spleen (asplenia)

two morphologic right lungs
midline location of liver
reversed position of AO and IVC
anomalous pulmonary venous return
horseshoe kidneys

27
Q

bilateral left-sidedness

A

2 spleens (patients don’t survive)

two morphologic left lungs
left sided azygos
biliary atresia
no GB
gastrointestinal malrotation
cardiovascular abnormalitites

28
Q

situs solitus

A

normal arrangement of asymmetric body parts

29
Q

situs inversus

A

mirror image condition

30
Q

situs ambiguous

A

anatomy that falls in between situs solitus and situs inversus

31
Q

hematopoiesis

A

process of creating a wide variety of blood and bone marrow cells
(erythrocytes, platelets, granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes)

First few fetal months - spleen is hematopoietic

by the close of the 5th fetal month, function has moved permanently in to the bone marrow

32
Q

The spleen lies between the

A

left hemidiaphragm and stomach

33
Q

contact with the spleen posteriorly

A

diaphragm, left pleura, left lung, ribs

34
Q

what lies inferior and medial to the spleen

A

left kidney

35
Q

medial surface of the spleen

A

stomach

makes it hard to image the spleen bc stomach filled with gas and fluid

36
Q

Displacement of the spleen: SUPERIORLY

A

mass in L. kidney
paralysis of diaphragm

37
Q

Displacement of the spleen: ANTERIORLY

A

mass in retroperitoneal cavity

38
Q

Displacement of the spleen: LATERALLY

A

stomach
pancreas
anything midline
upper pole of L. kidney

39
Q

Displacement of the spleen: INFERIORLY

A

pleural left side
mass - diaphragm
subclavicalar abscess

40
Q

Displacement of the spleen: POSTERIORLY

A

stomach
abdominal wall

41
Q

Displacement of the spleen: MEDIALLY

A

rib issues
hematoma lateral to spleen

42
Q

white pulp

A

part of the immune system
produces white blood cells
WBC make antibodies - fight infection
encapsulates bacteria

43
Q

red pulp

A

pitting & culling
majority of spleen - 80%
made up of cords - macrophages

removal
phagocytosis
sequestration
storage

44
Q

White pulp consists of

A

malpighian corpuscles - small nodular masses of lymphoid tissue attached to small arterial branches

45
Q

laboratory data

A

hematocrit
bacteremia
leukocytosis
leukopenia
thrombocytopenia

46
Q

hematocrit

A

percentage of RBC’s per volume of blood

abnormally low reading indicate internal bleeding or hemorrhage

47
Q

leukocytosis

A

increase in WBC’s usually bc of infection

after surgery, malignancies, leukemia

48
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

abnormal decrease in platelets

internal hemorrhage

49
Q

bacteremia

A

presence of bacteria within the body

possible sepsis w/ typical symptoms of fever + chills

50
Q

leukopenia

A

abnormal decrease in WB corpuscles

may be secondary to certain medications for bone marrow disorder

51
Q
A

ABDO (3 decks)

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