Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ultrasound 1 > Spleen > Flashcards

Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

When does the spleen begin to develop in embryologic development?

A

5th week of gestational age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What role does the fetal spleen play during development?

A

producing red and white blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When does the spleen begin hematopoiesis?

A

11th week of gestational age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When do the lobulations of the fetal spleen smooth out?

A

5-6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the fetal spleen originate from?

A

mesoderm cells in the dorsal mesogastrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

production of blood cells (RBCs, WBCs, platelets)

A

hematopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the single largest mass of lymphoid tissue in the body?

A

spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T or F: Since the spleen is a component of the immune system, removal can cause adverse side affects

A

False.

It can be removed without adverse side affects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T or F: the spleen is often affected by a systemic disease process and is rarely the primary site of disease

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

RBC

A

erythrocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

process of making RBCs

A

erythropoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a cell that engulfs and consumes foreign material and debris

A

phagocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

removal of worn out and abnormal RBCs and platelets from the bloodstream

A

phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the spread of an infection from its initial site to the bloodstream

A

sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Donning a gown, mask, and gloves because the pt is immunocompromised because they have a low number of neutrophils

A

neutropenic precautions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

iron containing, oxygen carrying pigment of RBCs

A

hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

% of RBCs within your blood volume

A

hematocrit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

located medially in the spleen; where the vasculature enters/exits

A

splenic hilum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

has the responsibility of phagocytosis; found in the spleen, liver, lymph nodes, alveoli, brain, blood vessels, mucous membranes

A

reticuloendothelial system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where worn-out RBCs and blood borne pathogens are destroyed; consists of splenic sinuses and splenic cords

A

red pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

where immune system functions take place; consists of lymphatic tissue containing lymphocytes and monocytes that continually digest harmful pathogens entering the blood stream

A

white pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

non-penetrating trauma

A

blunt force trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The spleen is a __1___ organ covered by a ___2___ except where vessels enter/exit at the hilum.

A
  1. peritoneal
  2. peritoneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

T or F: the spleen has a strong capsule

A

False.

The spleen does not have a strong capsule; making it fragile and susceptible to injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the length of the spleen?

A

8-13 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the height (AP) of the spleen?

A

7-8 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the width of the spleen?

A

3-4 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the normal volume of the spleen?

A

60-200 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the splenic index?

A

107-314

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are supporting ligaments of the spleen?

A
  • splenorenal ligament
  • phrenicocolic ligament
  • gastrosplenic ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The spleen lies in which region and quadrant?

A

LT hypochondrium/LUQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The spleen lies ______ to the stomach and pancreas tail?

A

posterolateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The spleen lies _______ to the LT colic flexure?

A

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The spleen lies _______ and _______ to LK?

A

superior, lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The spleen lies ________ to the LT hemidiaphragm and LT lung?

A

anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

The spleen lies _______ to ribs along dorsal abdomen?

A

anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

courses horizontally along the superior border of the tail of the pancreas; tortuous; SUP/ANT to splenic vein

A

splenic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

courses horizontally along the inferior border of the tail of the pancreas; part of portal venous circulation?

A

splenic vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the primary function of the spleen?

A

Remove…….from circulation
- old blood cells
- debris
- pathogens
- foreign substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The spleen is a soft organ with elastic properties that allow it to distend; helps it act as a _______________?

A

blood reservoir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The spleen contains ________ of connective tissue which divides the spleen into lobules?

A

trabecula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What 2 tissues are within the lobules of the spleen?

A
  1. white pulp
  2. red pulp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Performs lymphatic function of spleen?

A

white pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Performs phagocytic function spleen?

A

red pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

consists of splenic sinuses alternating with splenic cords (microscopic)?

A

red pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

consists of Malpighian corpuscles (a type of lymphoid tissues that acts as a filter)?

A

white pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Red or white pulp contains RBCs and phagocytes?

A

red pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Produces antibodies, lymphocytes, and monocytes to aid in immune response?

A

white pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

removing irregular RBCs from the blood stream?

A

culling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

removal of nuclei from old RBCs by the spleen without destroying the actual cell?

A

pitting

51
Q

What are the 4 major spleen functions?

A
  1. defense
  2. hematopoiesis
  3. RBC/platelet destruction
  4. storage
52
Q

In the developing fetus, what produces RBCs and WBCs?

A

spleen

53
Q

In an adult, what produces RBCs?

A

bone marrow

54
Q

RBC production in adults are only done by the spleen in _________ _________?

A

severe anemia

55
Q

What are the by products of cells being broken down?

A
  1. hemoglobin
  2. globin
  3. hemosiderin
  4. heme
56
Q

What will develop if the number of blood cells stored within the spleen becomes excessive?

A

splenomegaly

57
Q

a spleen that has migrated from its normal location in the LUQ?

A

wandering spleen

58
Q

Splenule, spleneculus, supernumerary spleen are other names for what congenital abnormality?

A

accessory spleen

59
Q

Which congenital anomaly may lead to splenic torsion?

A

wandering spleen

60
Q

a common congenital anomaly usually found in splenic hilum or INF border of spleen?

A

accessory spleen

61
Q

What is another name for splenic agenesis?

A

asplenia

62
Q

An embryonic anomaly of the dorsal mesentery that fails to fuse with the posterior peritoneum that leads to failure of splenic ligaments to form properly?

A

wandering spleen

63
Q

absence of the spleen; can be congenital or secondary to a disease?

A

splenic agenesis (asplenia)

64
Q

development of multiple small pieces of splenic parenchyma?

A

polysplenia

65
Q

normal arrangement of symmetric body organs?

A

situs solitus

66
Q

mirror image arrangement of body organs?

A

situs inversus

67
Q

the combination of correct-sided, and incorrect-sided organs

A

situs ambiguous / visceral heterotaxy

68
Q

% of RBCs per volume of blood; low readings indicate hemorrhage or internal bleeding?

A

hematocrit

69
Q

Indicates presence of bacteria in the body?

A

bacteremia

70
Q

increase in WBCs; sign of infection?

A

leukocytosis

71
Q

decrease in WBCs; may be secondary to medications or bone marrow disorder; interferes with the body’s ability to fight infection?

A

leukopenia

72
Q

an abnormal decrease in platelets; may be due to internal hemorrhage?

A

thrombocytopenia

73
Q

How long should a pt be NPO?

A

6-8 hours

74
Q

What kind of TRX should be used for a spleen US?

A

2-6 MHz curvilinear

75
Q

What is the normal echogenicity of the spleen?

A

isoechoic, slightly more echogenic than liver

76
Q

What is commonly evaluated on ultrasound for imaging the spleen?

A

splenomegaly

77
Q

How do you calculate splenic volume?

A

SAG x AP x TRV x .523
(length x height x width)

78
Q

How do you calculate splenic index?

A

SAG x AP x TRV
(length x height x width)

79
Q

enlargement of the spleen?

A

splenomegaly

80
Q

enlargement of spleen, secondary to vascular congestion/liver failure?

A

congestion of the spleen

81
Q

What occurs in acute congestion of the spleen?

A

hyperemia
(excess blood in a body part)

82
Q

What occurs in chronic congestion of the spleen?

A

diffuse splenomegaly

83
Q

What is the most common disease process encountered by a sonographer?

A

splenomegaly

84
Q

This pathology can be seen secondary to RT sided heart issues, cirrhosis, PV HTN, PV thrombosis?

A

congestion of the spleen

85
Q

The most common causes of this pathology are bacterial infection, viral infection (mono), PV HTN?

A

splenomegaly

86
Q

an excessive build up of amyloid in tissues/organs; this build up is typically systemic and not only affecting the spleen?

A

amyloidosis

87
Q

a waxy, translucent substance, composed primarily of protein fibers, that is deposited in various organs of animals in certain diseases?

A

amyloid

88
Q

A type of amyloidosis where amyloid is found in walls of arteries and within the follicles, but not the red pulp?

A

nodular amyloidosis

89
Q

A type of amyloidosis where the follicles are not involved, the red pulp is and the spleen is greatly enlarged/firm?

A

diffuse amyloidosis

90
Q

a genetic disorder in which the body lacks an enzyme that breaks down lipids (fats)?

A

Gaucher’s Disease

91
Q

Which type of Gaucher’s disease affects babies 2-3 mos?

A

Type 2

92
Q

Which type of Gaucher’s disease is associated with anemia?

A

Type 1

93
Q

Which type of Gaucher’s disease involves skeletal disorders, affects eyes, and breathing?

A

Type 3

94
Q

What is the most common type of Gaucher’s disease?

A

Type 1

95
Q

a decrease of RBCs within the bloodstream?

A

anemia

96
Q

the rate of destruction by the spleen is greater than what the bone marrow can compensate for that leads to a decrease in RBCs within the bloodstream?

A

hemolytic anemia

97
Q

immune system destroys RBCs; secondary to pts suffering from reticuloendothelial conditions such as lymphoma, leukemia, infectious mononucleosis?

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

98
Q

RBCs are formed abnormally due to an abnormal hemoglobin protein that messes with the RBC’s ability to carry oxygen?

A

sickle cell anemia

99
Q

What occurs in acute sickle cell anemia?

A

pts have an enlarged spleen

100
Q

What occurs in chronic sickle cell anemia?

A

pts undergo autosplenectomy as the spleen becomes fibrotic and atrophies

101
Q

This occurs when sickle-shaped cells attach to one another and obstruct vascular pathways?

A

sickle-cell crisis

102
Q

inherited blood disorder that causes your body to have less hemoglobin than normal?

A

thalassemia

103
Q

This condition is more common in people of African American, Caribbean, Middle East, Mediterranean, and Hispanic descent?

A

sickle cell anemia

104
Q

hereditary type of anemia common in the Asian and Mediterranean population?

A

thalassemia

105
Q

congenital condition in which an internal abnormality causes RBCs to have a spherical shape?

A

congenital spherocytosis

106
Q

the bone marrow produces an excess of RBCs, with an increase in RBC mass and hemoglobin concentration?

A

polycythemia vera

107
Q

Histoplasmosis and tuberculosis are the most common causes of this pathology?

A

granulocytopoietic abnormalities (splenic granulomas)

108
Q

What is another name for granulocytopoietic abnormalities?

A

splenic granulomas

109
Q

Most commonly injured as a result of blunt force trauma to the abdomen?

A

splenic trauma

110
Q

What are the 2 outcomes of blunt force trauma?

A
  1. capsule is intact and there is subcapsular/intraparenchymal hematoma
  2. capsule ruptures and a focal or free intraperitoneal hematoma
111
Q

A “double contour” sign depicts what pathology?

A

splenic trauma

112
Q

splenic tissue that has been deprived of oxygen and will eventually die?

A

splenic infarct

113
Q

With splenic trauma, as time passes, the hematoma becomes more ________?

A

anechoic/sonolucent

114
Q

wedge-shaped hypoechoic spleen tissue indicates what pathology?

A

splenic infarct

115
Q

the most common benign tumor of the spleen?

A

hemangioma

116
Q

rare, may be solitary or multiple, and consists of lymphoid tissue or normal splenic tissue

A

hamartoma

117
Q

This pathology is asymptomatic until it gets big enough to cause splenic rupture or peripheral problems

A

hemangioma

118
Q

asymptomatic, can have both cystic and solid components, and is generally hyperechoic?

A

hamartoma

119
Q

very rare primary malignant neoplasm arising from the endothelium?

A

hemangiosarcoma

120
Q

What helps prevent abscess formation in the spleen?

A

reticuloendothelial system

121
Q

space of the peritoneum posterior to the stomach?

A

lesser sac

122
Q

This infection is spread to the spleen from a distant infection OR from an inflammatory process from adjacent organs?

A

splenic abscess

123
Q

What is the most common site for abscess formation?

A

splenic portion of the lesser sac

Ultrasound 1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions