Spirochetes Flashcards
1
Q
What are the phenotypic traits of Spirochaetes
A
- Spiral organisms
- Highly motile
- Free living/ host associated
- Gram negative
- Flagella at interface
- Outer sheaf surrounds protoplasmic cylinder
2
Q
Examples of Spirochetes that are clinically significant in terms of veterinary medicine
A
- Borrelia
- Brachyspira
- Leptospira
- Treponema
3
Q
Lyme disease symptoms
A
- Tick bites, Spirochetes into tissue
- Early localised inflammatory response = Erythema migrans rash
- bacteria in blood vessels and localise around brain, heart, nervous system, joints = cause complications
- Chronic disease including recurring/ relapse of arthritis, neuroborreliosis and skin diseases.
4
Q
Virulence factors of Borrelia (lyme disease)
A
xxxx 20 mins
5
Q
Diagnosis, detection and treatment of lyme
A
- Neurological signs, shifting arthritis, positive serology
- Detection: serology detecting host antibodies to borrelia
- Treatment = doxycycline or amoxicillin. Longer treatment for later stages
- Infection doens’t normally cause clinical disease
6
Q
Diagnosis, detection and treatment of lyme
A
- Neurological signs, shifting arthritis, positive serology
- Detection: serology detecting host antibodies to borrelia
- Treatment = doxycycline or amoxicillin. Longer treatment for later stages
- Infection doesn’t normally cause clinical disease
- Prevention = OspeA vaccine
7
Q
Brachyspira
A
- Swine Dysentery
2. Intestinal spirochetes, potential to caus diarrhoea and retarded growth in animals (pigs most)
8
Q
Brachyspira
Transmitted
Detected
A
- Swine Dysentery
- Intestinal spirochetes, potential to caus diarrhoea and retarded growth in animals (pigs most)
- Transmitted by faecal-oral route: mice, flies, birds
- Detected = PCR of faeces
9
Q
Leptospira
A
- Leptospirosis
- transmitted from urine of an infected animal
- rodents important primary host. Dogs, deer, ruminants carry and transmit the disease
10
Q
What dos leptospira cause? Detection? Treatment? prevention?
A
- Liver and kidney damage
- Eye jaundice, vomiting, fever, failure to eat, reduced urine, lethargy = indications of the disease
- detection = serology and PCR
- Treatment = penicillin
- Prevention = vaccine
11
Q
Treponema
A
- casues human syphilis adn yaws, rabbit syphilis, humand and canine oral infections, bovine digital dermatitis
12
Q
Treatment of bovine digital dermatitis
A
- Various Treponema
- Chemical footbaths
- topical antibiotics
- penecilin (systemic) or macrolides = milk withhold
13
Q
What are polymicrobial diseases
A
- disease occuring between organisms in different kingdoms, genera, species or strains
