Spirituality Flashcards
1
Q
Health
A
overall condition of a person, encompassing physical, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions (well-being)
-> Seeking meaning, purpose, love, belonging and forgiveness
2
Q
Hope
A
ingredient in life responsible for a positive outlook, even in life’s bleakest moments
- enables a person to consider a future and work to bring it into being
3
Q
Love
A
basic human need to love and be loved, and this need is crucial for spiritual wholeness and health
4
Q
Healing
A
Process of becoming whole (moving toward integration between brokenness to wholeness)
5
Q
Faith
A
belief in something in which there is no proof or material evidence
6
Q
T/F: Having faith in a loving all-powerful higher being can help individuals cope with suffering related to illness
A
True
7
Q
Spirituality
A
anything that pertains to a person’s relationship with a nonmaterial life force or higher power
8
Q
Spirtuality is closely related to ________, _______, and _________.
A
faith, hope, and religion
9
Q
Spiritual health
A
relates to the fulfillment of spiritual needs
10
Q
Spiritual needs
A
fundamental requirements for spiritual well-being
11
Q
What are the three fundamental requirements for spiritual well-being (spiritual needs)?
A
- Need for Meaning and Purpose
- Need for Love and Relatedness
- Need for forgiveness
12
Q
Spiritual Healing
A
Restoration of well-being through spiritual means
13
Q
Nurture Spirituality
A
actively fostering a connection with ones spiritual self and developing one’s spiritual growth
14
Q
Religion
A
organized system of beliefs about a higher power that often includes set forms of worship, spiritual practices, and codes of conduct
15
Q
Is it possible for a person to be spiritual, yet not belong to an organized religion?
A
Yes, spirituality is broader than religion and universal spiritual needs exist regardless of religious affiliation
16
Q
Compare spirituality vs religion (in terms of definition)
A
Spirituality
- pertains to a person’s relationship with a nonmaterial life force or higher power and can be experienced as a unifying force or through connectedness with nature, other people, or a sense of purpose
Religion
- is defined as an organized system of beliefs about a higher power that often includes set forms of worship, spiritual practices, and codes of conduct
17
Q
____________ is the FORMAL expression of ones spirituality
A
Religion
18
Q
Suffering
A
state of distress that occurs when the intactness/integrity of the person is threatened or disrupted
19
Q
Suffering involves symptoms/processes that:
1)
2)
3)
A
- Threaten the patient due to fear
- Threaten the meaning of symptom
- Create concerns about the furture
20
Q
Agnostic
A
- one who holds that nothing can be known about the existence of a higher power
-> “I dont know if there is or isnt any existence of God”
21
Q
Atheist
A
- person who denies the existence of a higher power
-> “There is no god”
22
Q
T/F: Spiritual health is considered to exist when at least 2 out of the 3 universal spiritual needs are met
A
FALSE, spiritual health considered to exist when all 3 universal spiritual needs are met
23
Q
The three spiritual needs underlie all religious traditions and are common to ______ people, regardless of __________ _______ ________ they belong to a particular religious tradition
A
all
whether or not
24
Q
The three spiritual needs are:
- Need for Meaning and Purpose
- Need for Love and Relatedness
- Need for Forgiveness
For each, list/describe how they are beneficial (or fill out chart on masternotes)
A
Need for Meaning and Purpose
- Comprehend significance of existance
- Crucial for coping with suffering
Need for Love and Relatedness
- Prevents feelings of loneliness, despair, hopelessness
Need for Forgiveness
- Find peace and reconciliation
-> Prevent resentment (emotionally and spiritually draining)
25
# Factors Affecting Spirituality
Describe how **Development** can influence spirituality
(Influence)
**Influence**
- As child matures, life experiences typically influence and mature their spiritual beliefs
- ↑age = ↑tendency to to think about life after death
-> Can lead to reexamination and reaffirmation of their spiritual belief
26
# Factors Affecting Spirituality
Imagine you are working with children in a healthcare setting. How might their developmental stage influence their perceptions of God?
- Children have definite perceptions of God
- Children attribute to God tremendous and expansive power
27
# Factors Affecting Spirituality
Describe how **Family** can influence children in regards to their spirituality
(Influence)
- Child learns about spirituality, life, and self primarily from their parents behavior
28
# Factors Affecting Spirituality
What parents teach a child about spirituality/religion is generally _______ important than what the child learns about spirituality/life/self from the parents' behavior
**LESS**
parents behavior > parents teaching
29
# Factors Affecting Spirituality
Describe how**Ethnic Background** can influence spirituality
(Influence, Nursing Considerations)
**Influence**
- Affect whether a persons appraoch to religion is focused on:
-> Doing something
-> Being someone
-> Continually striving for harmony
**Nursing Considerations**
- Researching beliefs is essential for personalized care/patient advocacy
- Avoid assumptions
-> Never presume to know a patient's religious beliefs/practices just because you have learned the patient's faith
30
# Factors Affecting Spirituality
T/F: Spirituality is generally similar among ethnic groups
False, spirtuality differs ***SIGNIFICANTLY*** among ethnic groups
31
# Factors Affecting Spirituality
Describe how **Formal Religion** can influence spirituality
(Influence)
**POPSIC-E**
- **P**rovides a system of beliefs
-> Provide individuals with answers to fundamental spiritual questions
- **O**ffer spiritual practices
-> Prayer, rituals, medication, fasting
- **P**rovide language/framework for spiritual distress
- **S**hapes views on health, illness, and suffering
- **I**nfluence life affirming and life-denying aspects
- **C**reate sense of community/belonging
-> Helps to fulfill spiritual need for love and releatedness
- **E**stablish moral/ethical code
32
# Factors Affecting Spirituality
Describe how **Life Events** (Postive and Negative) can influence spirituality
**Positive events**:
- Evoke deep gratitude and rejoicing
- Complacency and perceived lack of need for God
**Negative events**:
- Bitterly deny God existance
- Increase their prayer life
33
Invisible Spirit—a creative, mysterious guiding power—" is associated with principles and practices that...
**Cultivates Love**
- emphasis on love suggests our interactions/relationships in everyday life are deeply connected to this spiritual dimension
**Cultivate Wisdom**
- spirituality provides a framework for understanding/responding to the challenges/milestones encountered in everyday living
-> Helps us to find meaning in life
**Cultivating Awareness of the Sacred Dimension**
- encourages awareness of sacred aspects of life through worship, prayer, mediation, singing
**Respect Our Connectedness**
- promotes respect for interconnectedness as human beings, while acknowledging our differents
**Helping Us to Be Generous in Service to Others**
- inspires generosity in our service to others
-> Encourages altruism
34
_________ impacts how patients handle their health, illness, dietary death rituals
Religion
35
Describe: **Adventist**
(Preach, Prohibit, MISC)
**Preach**
- Body = temple of Holy Spirit
-> Needs to be protected
- Saturday as the Sabbath
**Prohibit**
- Narcotics/stimulants
- Meat
**MISC**
- holistic approach to healthcare
36
Describe: **American Muslim Mission**
(MISC)
**Preach**
- x
**Prohibit**
- x
**MISC**
- Encourage member to obtain healthcare provided by Black community
37
Describe: **Buddhism**
(Preach, Prohibit)
**Preach**
- Focus on Four Noble Truths regarding suffering
- Focus on Noble Eightfold Path to end suffering
**Prohibit**
- Taking lives of any form
**MISC**
- x
38
Describe: **Christian Scientist**
(Prohibit, MISC)
**Preach**
- x
**Prohibit**
- Alohol/Tobacco
- Hypnotism/Psychotherapy
**MISC**
- Deny existence of health crisis (dont believe illness are real)
39
Describe: **Islam**
(Preach, Prohibit, MISC)
**Preach**
- Obligatory prayers/holy days
- Fasting (Ramadan)
**Prohibit**
- Alcohol/Pork
**MISC**
- Some Muslim women may require their husbands' presence for consent to medical procedures
40
Describe: **Jehovahs Witness**
(Prohibit)
**Preach**
- x
**Prohibit**
- Blood transfusions
- Alcohol/Tobacco
**MISC**
- x
41
Describe: **Judaism**
(Preach, Prohibit)
**Preach**
- Hebrew bible
**Prohibit**
- Scheduling of treatment/procedures on the Sabbath
**MISC**
- x
42
Describe: **Native American Religions**
(Preach, MISC)
**Preach**
- Follow rituals and medicine man
**Prohibit**
- x
**MISC**
- Therapeutic measures include sucking, blwoing, and drawing out with a feather fan
43
Describe: **Protestantism (Christian, Baptist, Non-Denomination**
(Preach, MISC)
**Preach**
- Worship of one God through Jesus Christ and love of neighbor
**Prohibit**
- x
**MISC**
- Largest percetance of Americans (70.6%) were Christian
- Accept modern medical science
44
Describe: **Roman Catholicism**
(Preach, Prohibit, MISC)
**Preach**
- Worship of one God through Jesus Christ and love of neighbor
- Mass attendance on Sundays
**Prohibit**
- Abortion/Sterilization, Euthanasia
-> Only natural means of birth control allowed
**MISC**
- Accept modern medical science
45
What are the different ways in which you can facilitate the practice of religion?
**FAAAAR**
- Familiarize patient with religious services within institution
- Assist patient to obtain devotional objects and protect them from loss or damage
- Arrange for priest, minister, or rabbi to visit if patient wishes
- Arrange for patient to receive sacraments if desired
- Attempt to meet dietary restrictions
- Respect patient’s need for privacy during prayer
46
If a patient requests pastoral care, but none is availiable, what 3 things can the nurse do?
- Nurse may pray with patient
- Nurse can stand in silence as the patient prays
- Nurse can make a referral to pastoral care for chaplain-led prayer
47
Prayer ___________ (should/should not) block communication with the patient
should NOT block
48
What are 3 ways a nurse can help pray with a patient?
- Ask if the patient has a particular prayer request
- Ask, "How would you like us to pray?" ->> take lead from the patient
-> Consider the patients religious background and past meaningful prayers
-> A nurse uncomfortable praying aloud can have a Bible passage or formal prayer readily available
- Nurse should be prepared to spend time with the patient afterward to respond to their feelings
49
What are the 5 steps in counseling a patients spirtuality?
1. **Articulate** spiritual beliefs
2. **Explore** origin of patient’s spiritual beliefs and practices
3. **Identify** life factors that challenge patient’s spiritual beliefs
4. **Explore** alternatives when given these challenges (Modifying lifestyle, beliefs)
5. **Develop** spiritual beliefs that meet the need for meaning and purpose, care and relatedness, and forgiveness
50
T/F: Presence, compassion and respect for your patients beliefs can assist in meeting their spiritual needs
true
51
If the nurse is not comfortable in the role of spiritual counselor, they should...
- Suggest patient talk to a pastoral caregiver/spiritual counselor
-> Inquire with patient/family regarding their own religious adviser
52
What are 3 other ways a nurse can connect a patient to a spiritual counselor
- Make appropriate refferals
-> Contact hospitals pastoral ministry if pt. Agrees
-> Request volunteers (play instruments, read)
- Suggest visit from clergy of another faith
- Take patient to chapel (if hospital has on premise)
53
What are 5 self care practices that can help nurture spirituality
**LMARR**
- Live a life of wholeness and balance
- Meet your own spiritual needs
- Approach nursing as “sacred calling” or “vocation”
- Reflect on personal spirituality
- Role model good health behavors
54
Identify how spiritual practices of patients influence their health status (Hint: name 4 and briefly describe each)
**Guide Daily Living Habits**
- Dietary requirements/restrictions
-Contraception
-Medical treatments
->Christian Scientist decline drugs/surgery
->Jehovas Witness prohibit blood transfusions
**Encourage spiritual strength/support**
- helps benefit body
**Help endure physical distress**
- gain strength
**Improve mental/emotional health**
- Unresolved spiritual needs can manifest into mood changes (anxiety, depression)
- Nurturing spirituality can promote peace/reduce anxiety
55
T/F: 2 of 3 millenials claim to belong to a faith community
False, 1 in 3 millenials claim to belong to a faith community
56
Why were millenials labeled as "troublesome"?
Many millenials were labeled as "troublesome" due to being less religiously affiliated. We also saw an increase of isolation, depression, anxiety & suicide (3rd leading cause of death), which were exacerbated with Covid 19 pandemic
57
How can nurses help to improve the spiritual needs of milennials?
Encourage joining new organizations/ deepen community involvement
a) **Belonging** - involved in community
b) **Becoming** - personal transformation
c) **Beyond** - social transformation
58
T/F: Faith healing groups often challenge practices of traditional medicine
True
59
T/F: There are clear guidelines for determining treatment or refusal of treatment
False, there are no clear guidelines for determining treatment or refusal of treatment
60
T/F: Laws and ethical committees do not get involved in situations regarding treatment/refusal of treatment
False, Laws and ethical committees **do** get involved in situations regarding treatment/refusal of treatment
61
In regards to the spritual dimension diagrams, there is an integrated and unifying approach. Compare the difference between the **Integrated Approach** and the **Unifying Approach**
**Integrated Approach**:
- All four dimensions (Physio-psycho-socio-spiritual) are distinct and considered equally important and they all influence each other
- Example: a person's physical illness might affect their psychological well-being, their social interactions, and spiritual outlook, and vice versa.
**Unifying Approach**:
- Spiritual dimension is seen as the fundamental ground or foundation upon which the other aspects of your health are built
-> Spirituality is at the core, influencing and providing a basis for a person's physical health, mental state, and social interactions
62
Describe: **Hinduism**
(MISC)
**Preach**
- x
**Avoid**
- x
**MISC**
- Avoid touching patients lips
63
**In assessing a patient's spirituality, which of the following should the nurse consider? Select all that apply.**
1. The patient's spiritual beliefs.
2. The patient's dietary preferences.
3. The patient's spiritual practices.
4. The presence of spiritual distress or deficit.
5. The patient's level of physical activity.
6. The patient's spiritual needs.
7. The relationship between the patient’s spiritual beliefs and everyday living.
8. The patient's need for meaning and purpose.
9. The patient's need for love and relatedness.
10. The patient's social media usage.
11. The patient's need for forgiveness.
12. Significant behavior observations related to spirituality.
Options 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, and 12
