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CMS - Advanced - Alcoholic Beverages > Spirits & Liqueurs > Flashcards

Spirits & Liqueurs Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What is an ‘eaux-de-vie’?

A

Alcoholic beverages distilled from fruit other than grapes aka fruit brandies.
Highly concentrated flavours of the fruit which was used.

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2
Q

What is Calvados?

A
  • Calvados AOC in Northern France

- Distilled using fermented apple juice (Cider) & fermented pear juice (Perry).

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3
Q

What are AOC’s for Calvados production?

A
  • Calvados - Continous still
  • Calvados Pays d’Auge - Double pot still - 2 years in wood.
  • Calvados Domfrontais - Continous still - 30% pears.
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4
Q

What is Pommeau de Normandie?

A
  • VDL made using 2/3 Apple juice and 1/3 Calvados and aged in oak.
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5
Q

What is Abricot?

A
  • Made by distilling fermented apricots.
  • Colourless
  • French, German or Swiss.
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6
Q

What is Fraise?

A
  • Made by distilling fermented strawberries.
  • Colourless
  • French, German or Swiss.
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7
Q

What is Framboise?

A
  • Made by distilling fermented raspberries.
  • Colourless
  • French, German or Swiss.
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8
Q

What is Kirsch?

A
  • Made by distilling fermented cherries.
  • Colourless
  • French, German or Swiss.
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9
Q

What is Mirabelle?

A
  • Made by distilling fermented mirabelles (yellow plums).
  • Colourless
  • French.
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10
Q

What is Poire William?

A
  • Made by distilling fermented pears.
  • Colourless
  • French, German or Swiss.
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11
Q

What is Slivovitz?

A
  • Made by distilling fermented plums.
  • Colourless
  • Balkan countries.
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12
Q

What is Quetsch?

A
  • Made by distilling fermented red plums.
  • Colourless
  • Alsace, France.
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13
Q

What is Alcools Blancs?

A

Eau-de-vies which are aged in glass not wood, leaving them colorless.

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14
Q

Name a few Aniseed based spirits.

A
  • Pernod - aniseed
  • Pastis & Ricard - aniseed & licquorice - yellow
  • Ouzo - aniseed - colourless
  • Absinthe - anise, wormwood & spices - light green.
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15
Q

Name a few bitters.

A
  • Angustora - Trinidad & Tobago - rum based - brownish red.
  • Amer Picon - France - orange - light red.
  • Aperol - Italy - sweet & bitter oranges - orange red
  • Campari - Italy - herbs, fruits & spices - red.
  • Fernet Branca - Italy - fruits & spices (40) - dark brown
  • Jagermeister - Germany - herbs, roots & spices (56) - dark brown.
  • Underberg - Germany - herbs - brown
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16
Q

What is Schnapps?

A

It is a spirit made by distilling fermented grain and flavoured with fruit or other flavours.

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17
Q

What is Aquavit?

A
  • Caraway flavoured Schnapps
  • 51% ABV.
  • Danish
  • Light yellow brown
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18
Q

What is the ageing for Tequila?

A
  • Blanco or Silver - unaged
  • Joven Abocado - unaged mixto tequila
  • Reposado - 60 days to 1 year in wood.
  • Anejo - min. 1 year in 600L wood.
  • Extra Anejo - min. 3 years in 600L wood.
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19
Q

At what temperature does alcohol evaporate?

A

78.3 °C

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20
Q

Who invented the Continuous still?

A
  • Aeneas Coffey - 1832
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21
Q

What are the first and last vapors which come off during the distillation process called?

A
  • Heads - Forshots

- Tails - Feints.

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22
Q

What is the ideal temperature to measure the alcoholic strength of a drink?

A

20 °C

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23
Q

What is Gin?

A
  • Gin is a white flavoured spirit produced by distilling a wash made from fermented grain, malted barley, maize or rye.
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24
Q

What are the main botanicals used to flavor Gin?

A

It is mainly flavoured with juniper berries, coriander, angelica root, orange & lemon peel, liquorice, orris root, cassia bark, cardamom seeds, calamus root, fennel and almonds.

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25
Q

How is Gin flavored?

A

Gin is flavoured with botanicals either by passing the vapors from the distillate through the flavourings or by steeping them in a spirit and distilling them in a seperate run.

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26
Q

List the various types of Gin.

A
  • London Dry Gin
  • Plymouth Gin
  • Sloe Gin
  • Old Tom Gin
  • Dutch Gin / Genever
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27
Q

Describe a Plymouth Gin.

A
  • Unsweetned Gin which derives its sweetness from the botanicals used.
  • Bottled at 41.2 percent abv.
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28
Q

Who produces Plymouth Gin?

A

Plymouth Gin is produced by Coates & Co. at the Black Friars Distillery, Plymouth UK.

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29
Q

What is Sloe Gin?

A

Sloe gin is made by steeping sloe berries in gin with a little sugar.

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30
Q

What are the other names for Dutch Gin?

A
  • Genever
  • Hollands
  • Schiedam
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31
Q

What are the different types of Dutch Gin?

A
  • Oude (old) - malted barley, wheat, corn & rye - aged.

- Jonge (young) - grain - unaged.

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32
Q

Name the different types of Scotch.

A
  • Single Malt
  • Vatted Malt (Blended Malt)
  • Blended Scotch
  • Single Grain Scotch
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33
Q

What is Single grain whiskey?

A

Single grain whisky is from one distillery and made from unmalted barley, wheat or corn distilled in a continuous still.

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34
Q

Name a few popular producers of Single grain whiskey.

A
  • Cameron Brig

- Invergordon.

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35
Q

Name the main regions of Scotland for whisky.

A
  • Highland
  • Lowland
  • Islands
  • Speyside
  • Islay
  • Campbeltown.
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36
Q

Name the Islands for whisky production in Scotland.

A
  • Arran
  • Jura
  • Mull
  • Orkney
  • Skye
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37
Q

Name the distilleries of Campbeltown.

A
  • Glen Scotia
  • Springbank
  • Glengyle
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38
Q

Name the whisky’s produced by Glengyle.

A
  • Kilkerran - Single Malt

- Glengyle - Blended Malt

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39
Q

Name the popular single malt producers of Lowlands.

A
  • Auchentoshan

- Rosebank

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40
Q

What is the minimum ageing for Scotch whiskey?

A
  • 3 years of ageing in oak casks of max. 700L capacity.
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41
Q

How is Irish whiskey made?

A

Irish whiskey is made in Ireland from a wash of malted and unmalted barley which is triple distilled in either pot or continuous still or both and aged for atleast 3 years in oak.

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42
Q

Which Irish whiskey producer uses peat during the malting process?

A
  • Connemara - Single Malt
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43
Q

How is American Rye whiskey made?

A

American rye is distilled mainly from a wash containing a minimum of 51% of rye in a continuous still and aged for atleast 2 years in new charred oak barrels.

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44
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Canadian whiskey?

A
  • Min. 3 years in oak.
45
Q

How is Bourbon whiskey made?

A

Bourbon is an American whiskey made from atleast 51% corn + rye, wheat or malted barley which is distilled in a continuous still and aged in new charred oak barrels for atleast 4 years.

46
Q

How is Tennessee whiskey made?

A

Tennessee whiskey is a sour mash whiskey made from 51% corn, matured in new charred oak barrels and filtered through maple charcoal.

47
Q

Name the different types of Rum.

A
  • White / Silver Rum
  • Demerara Rum
  • Dark / Black Rum
  • Golden / Spiced Rum
48
Q

White rum is a specialty of which country?

A
  • Cuba
  • Puerto Rico
  • Jamaica
49
Q

Where does Demerara rum get its name from?

A

Demerara rum gets its name from the river Demerara in Guyana.

50
Q

What is “Dunder”?

A

Dunder is the lees from the previous years fermentation which is used in Jamaica to make dark rum.

51
Q

Name the sub-regions of Cognac.

A
  • Grand Champagne
  • Petite Champagne
  • Fin Bois
  • Bon Bois
  • Bon Ordinaire
  • Borderies
52
Q

What grapes are used for Cognac production?

A
  • St. Emilion (Ugni Blanc)
  • Folle Blanche
  • Colombard
53
Q

What is the name of the pot still used in Cognac?

A
  • Alembic Charentaise
54
Q

What is the name of the first distillate of Cognac?

A
  • Brouillis - 30% abv
55
Q

What is the heart of the distillate called in Cognac?

A
  • Bonne Chauffe
56
Q

Which oak is used to age Cognac?

A
  • Limousin or Troncais
57
Q

What the age indicators for Cognac?

A
  • VS (Very Special or ***) - 2 years
  • VSOP (Very Superior Old Pale) - 4.5 years
  • XO (Extra Old or Napoleon) - 6.5 years
58
Q

Name the sub-regions of Armagnac.

A
  • Haut Armagnac
  • Bas Armagnac
  • Tenareze
59
Q

Name the popular producers of Armagnac.

A
  • Janneau
  • Samalens
  • Baron de Signonac
60
Q

Which oak is used to age Armagnac?

A

Black Oak - Monlezun

61
Q

Is addition of sugar or caramel allowed in Cognac & Armagnac?

A

Cognac - yes

Armagnac - no

62
Q

What the age indicators for Armagnac?

A
  • VS (Very Special or ***) - 1 years
  • VSOP (Napoleon) - 4 years
  • XO / Hors d’Age - 10 years
63
Q

What is Baijiu?

A
  • It is a distilled spirit made using Red Sorgham.

- 51 - 53% ABV.

64
Q

Name popular producers of Baijiu.

A
  • Moutai - Renhuai City - Guizhou Province - River Chishui.
  • Luzhou Laojiao - Sichuan Province - River Yangtze.
  • Wuliangye - Sichuan Province.
65
Q

What is Cointreau?

A
  • Sweet & bitter orange flavoured liqueur.

- Angers, France.

66
Q

What is Curacao?

A
  • Curacao orange peel flavoured liqueur.

- Universal liqueur.

67
Q

What is Grand Marnier?

A
  • Bitter orange peel, spices & vanilla flavoured liqueur.
  • Cognac based.
68
Q

What is Mandarine Napolean?

A
  • Sicilian mandarine peel & 21 botanicals.

- Triple distilled.

69
Q

What is Van der Hum?

A
  • Cape Tangerines (Najte), herbs & spices flavoured liqueur.
  • South Africa
  • Brandy based.
70
Q

What is Cherry Brandy?

A
  • Reddish brown cherry flavoured liqueur.
71
Q

What is Cherry Herring?

A
  • Brand which makes a liqueur from cherries, crushed cherry kernels and spices, macerated in spirit and matured in oak for 3 years.
72
Q

What is Midori?

A

Melon flavoured green liqueur, produced in Mexico, originally from Japan.

73
Q

What is Creme de Cacao?

A

Brown or colourless chocolate & vanilla flavoured liqueur.

74
Q

What is Kahlua?

A

Coffee flavoured liqueur from Mexico which is rum based.

75
Q

What is Tia Maria?

A

Blue mountain coffee, vanilla and spices flavoured liqueur which is rum based from Jamaica.

76
Q

What is Amarula?

A

Marula fruit based cream liqueur from South Africa.

77
Q

What is Devonshire Royal Cream liqueur?

A

Devonshire Cream liqueur which is based on whiskey & brandy.

78
Q

What is Amaretto?

A
  • Italian
  • Apricot kernels & spices
  • Almond flavour
  • brown
79
Q

What is Benedictine?

A
  • French Liqueur
  • 27 Herbs and spices
  • Golden
80
Q

Where was Benedictine originally produced?

A

Originally produced by the Benedictine monks at the Monastry of Fécamp in Normandy.

81
Q

What does “DOM” on a bottle of Benedictine stand for?

A

DOM - Deo Optimo Maximo (to God most good most great)

82
Q

What is Chartreuse?

A
  • French Liqueur

- 130 herbs, roots & spices

83
Q

Where is Chartreuse originally from?

A
  • The recipe is prepared by Carthusian monks of the Chartreuse Order at La Grand Chartreuse Monastry.
  • Macerated and distilled in Voiron near Grenoble, France.
84
Q

What are the different types of Chartreuse?

A
  • Green Chartreuse - 55%
  • Yellow Chartreuse - 40%
  • VEP Chartreuse - extra aged in oak
85
Q

What does VEP on a bottle of Chartreuse stand for?

A

VEP - Viellisement Excepionnellement Prolongé

86
Q

What is Frangelico?

A
  • Italian liqueur
  • Hazelnut, coffee, chocolate, vanilla, berries, herbs & spices.
  • Light lemon color
87
Q

What is Freezomint?

A

Creme de menthe made by Cusenier.

88
Q

What is Fior d’Alpe?

A
  • Italian liqueur
  • Alpine flowers and spices
  • Yellow, Orange or Red in color.
89
Q

What is Galliano?

A
  • Italian liqueur
  • Herb flavoured
  • Yellow color
90
Q

What is Izarra?

A
  • French liqueur
  • Herbs, prunes and walnut shells Macerated in Armagnac and honey.
  • Yellow color - Saffron and almond flavour
  • Green color - Green plants and peppermint flavour
91
Q

What is Kümmel?

A
  • Dutch liqueur

- Caraway seed flavoured.

92
Q

What is Licor 43 (Cuarenta y Tres)?

A
  • Spanish Liqueur
  • Citrus fruits, herbs and vanilla (43)
  • Yellow color
93
Q

What is Malibu?

A
  • Jamaican light rum
  • Colorless
  • Coconut flavoured.
94
Q

What is Millefiori?

A
  • Italian liqueur

- Orange & Angelica flavoured.

95
Q

What is Sambuca?

A
  • Italian liqueur
  • Colorless
  • Liquorice, elderbush & anise flavoured.
96
Q

What is Strega?

A
  • Italian liqueur
  • Yellow colored
  • Flavored with 70 herbs and spices.
  • Saffron for color.
97
Q

What is Drambuie, Glayva & Glen Mist?

A
  • Scottish liqueur
  • Scotch whisky based.
  • Herbs & Heather honey flavoured.
98
Q

What is Irish Mist?

A
  • Irish liqueur
  • Irish whiskey based
  • Herbs & Heather honey flavoured.
99
Q

What is Southern Comfort?

A
  • American liqueur
  • Golden colored
  • Peach, Orange & spice flavored.
100
Q

What is Advocaat?

A
  • Dutch liqueur
  • Yellow colored
  • Eggyolks, sugar, vanilla & brandy.
101
Q

What is Cafe Calypso?

A
  • Coffee + Tia Maria + Double cream
102
Q

What is Cafe Caribbean?

A
  • Coffee + Rum + Double cream
103
Q

What is Monk’s Coffee or DOM?

A
  • Coffee + Benedictine + Double cream
104
Q

What is Cafe Gaelic or Cafe Highland?

A
  • Coffee + Scotch Whisky + Double cream
105
Q

What is Irish Coffee?

A
  • Coffee + Irish Whiskey + Double cream.
106
Q

What is Cafe Prince Charles?

A
  • Coffee + Drambuie + Double cream.
107
Q

What is Cafe Royale?

A
  • Coffee + Royal Cognac + flamed.
108
Q

What is Rüdesheimer Kaffee?

A
  • Coffee + Asbach Brandy + Double cream.

- German

109
Q

What is Witches Coffee?

A
  • Coffee + Strega + Double cream.

CMS - Advanced - Alcoholic Beverages (3 decks)

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