Spirits

Question 1

‘I wear the chain I forged in life (…) and of my own free will I wore it’ (Chapter 1)

Answer 1

• Visual image of his sins and mental imprisonment, lamenting his choices
• Possible allusion to purgatory
• Contrasts ‘are there no prisons’ as he will be imprisoned
• ’Forged’, allusion to the industrial revolution
• Repetition suggest he made his mistakes over and over again
• Rhythmic structure, evenly balanced phrases, allusion to the rhythms of a sermon
• ‘Free will’ Christians use this idea to explain evil in the world
• Marley suggests Scrooge could use his free will to change, foreshadows his redemption, readers could also change

Question 2

‘Scrooge was his sole executer (…) sole friend, and sole mourner’ (Chapter 1)

Answer 2

• Hyperbole
• Surrogate wife
• Homophone for Christian soul, emphasises link between Scrooge’s soul and danger of not becoming a better man
• ‘Sole executer’ - only executer of Marley’s will (wealth), pun - Scrooge has executed Marley’s soul as he is punished for past sins that Scrooge encouraged
• ‘Sole friend, and sole mourner’ - hope for redemption (it is more realistic), audience are more invested in transformation

Question 3

‘He wore a tunic of the purest white’ (Stave 2)

Question 4

Extinguisher cap

Question 5

‘The phantom slowly, gravely, silently approached’ (S4)

Question 6

‘To hear the insect on the leaf’