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MIDS 266 - sectional anatomy > Spine and Neck > Flashcards

Spine and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Which part of the spine curves inwards and have a concave curve?

A

Lordotic

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2
Q

Which part of the spine has a convex curve and causes rounding of the back?

A

Kyphotic Curve

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3
Q

What forms an interverebral foramina?

A

Vertebral notches on superior and inferior pedicles meet and form the foramina

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4
Q

Superior and inferior articular processes meet to form ________ joints.

A

Zygapophyseal. Creates support and movement of spine.

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5
Q

/What is the weakest and most vulnerable part of the spine?

A

The pars interarticularis (joins the zygapophyseal joints)

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6
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

A

7

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7
Q

What’s the name of the first cervical vertibrae?

A

Atlas, supports the head

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8
Q

What’s the second cervical vertebrae called?

A

Axis, pivots head

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9
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

12

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10
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

5

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11
Q

What is the largest lumbar vertebrae?

A

L5 - transfers entire body weight to sacrum

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12
Q

The sacrum is _ vertebrae that have fused.

A

5

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13
Q

What the foramina called that allows passage of the spinal nerves?

A

Sacral foramina

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14
Q

What separates abdo from pelvic cavity?

A

The sacral promontory ridge on S1

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15
Q

The dura matters creates the ______ sac.

A

thecal

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16
Q

The spinal cord tapers to the ___ ________ at T_ to L_.

A

conus medullaris at T12-L1

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17
Q

What is the difference between filum terminale and cauda equina?

A

The fibrous extension of the filum terminale is a nonneural element that extends down to the coccyx.

The Cauda Equina is a bundle of intradural nerve roots at the end of the spinal cord, distal to the conus medullaris. Very neural.

18
Q

What are the dorsal horns?

A

Posterior, contain afferent nerves (sensory)

19
Q

What are the ventral horns?

A

Anterior, contain efferent (motor) nerves

20
Q

What is the order of: epiglottis, laryngopharynx, nasopharynx, and oropharynx?

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, epiglottis, and laryngopharynx

21
Q

What separates the oropharynx from the larynx?

A

The epiglottis

22
Q

What part of the pharynx contains the tonsils?

A

The oropharynx

23
Q

What are the cartilages of the larynx?

A

The thyroid cartilage, the epiglottis, and cricoid cartilage

24
Q

What is the largest and most superior larynx cartilage?

A

The thyroid cartilage. Protects the vocal cords.

25
Q

What is the elastic and moveable cartilage of the larynx?

A

Epiglottis

26
Q

What is a complete ring at the base of the larynx? Marks the beginning of the esophagus?

A

Cricoid cartilage

27
Q

How many C-shaped rings keep the trachea open?

A

16-20

28
Q

What shape are the trachea cartilaginous rings?

A

C shaped

29
Q

Where does the trachea bifurcate?

A

T5, the carina

30
Q

What are the 3 large paired salivary glands?

A

Parotid, submandibular, sublingual

31
Q

What is the duct that extends from anterior gland to oral cavity?

A

The parotid duct/Stensen duct

32
Q

What is the Wharton Duct?

A

It’s the submandibular duct that opens into the oral cavity on either side of the lingual frenulum, immediately posterior to teeth

33
Q

How many sublingual ducts empty into the floor of the mouth?

A

10-20

34
Q

What are the 10-20 sublingual ducts called?

A

Rivinus ducts

35
Q

What are the parathyroid glands?

A

Secrete parathyroid hormones. There’s usually 4 of them on the posterior surface of the thyroid.

36
Q

The neck is divided into ant/post triangles by the _________ muscle.

A

sternocleidomastoid

37
Q

What is a strap-like muscle that originates on the sternum and inserts on the temporal bone and turns the head from side-to-side and flexes the neck?

A

The sternocleidomastoid muscle

38
Q

Where does the left common carotid arise from?

A

The AO arch

39
Q

Where does the Internal Jugular vein enter?

A

The base of the skull through the carotid canal in the temporal bone. No branches in the neck, but many branches in head to supply eyeballs and brain.

40
Q

The external carotid artery passes through which gland?

A

The parotid gland

41
Q

The external carotid artery has no branches to the face/neck. True or false?

A

False. The ECA has many branches to supply blood to the face and neck.

MIDS 266 - sectional anatomy (8 decks)

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