Spine and Neck

Question 1

Which part of the spine curves inwards and have a concave curve?

Answer 1

Lordotic

Question 2

Which part of the spine has a convex curve and causes rounding of the back?

Answer 2

Kyphotic Curve

Question 3

What forms an interverebral foramina?

Answer 3

Vertebral notches on superior and inferior pedicles meet and form the foramina

Question 4

Superior and inferior articular processes meet to form ________ joints.

Answer 4

Zygapophyseal. Creates support and movement of spine.

Question 5

/What is the weakest and most vulnerable part of the spine?

Answer 5

The pars interarticularis (joins the zygapophyseal joints)

Question 6

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 6

7

Question 7

What’s the name of the first cervical vertibrae?

Answer 7

Atlas, supports the head

Question 8

What’s the second cervical vertebrae called?

Answer 8

Axis, pivots head

Question 9

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Answer 9

12

Question 10

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

Answer 10

5

Question 11

What is the largest lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 11

L5 - transfers entire body weight to sacrum

Question 12

The sacrum is _ vertebrae that have fused.

Answer 12

5

Question 13

What the foramina called that allows passage of the spinal nerves?

Answer 13

Sacral foramina

Question 14

What separates abdo from pelvic cavity?

Answer 14

The sacral promontory ridge on S1

Question 15

The dura matters creates the ______ sac.

Answer 15

thecal

Question 16

The spinal cord tapers to the ___ ________ at T_ to L_.

Answer 16

conus medullaris at T12-L1

Question 17

What is the difference between filum terminale and cauda equina?

Answer 17

The fibrous extension of the filum terminale is a nonneural element that extends down to the coccyx.

The Cauda Equina is a bundle of intradural nerve roots at the end of the spinal cord, distal to the conus medullaris. Very neural.

Question 18

What are the dorsal horns?

Answer 18

Posterior, contain afferent nerves (sensory)

Question 19

What are the ventral horns?

Answer 19

Anterior, contain efferent (motor) nerves

Question 20

What is the order of: epiglottis, laryngopharynx, nasopharynx, and oropharynx?

Answer 20

nasopharynx, oropharynx, epiglottis, and laryngopharynx

Question 21

What separates the oropharynx from the larynx?

Answer 21

The epiglottis

Question 22

What part of the pharynx contains the tonsils?

Answer 22

The oropharynx

Question 23

What are the cartilages of the larynx?

Answer 23

The thyroid cartilage, the epiglottis, and cricoid cartilage

Question 24

What is the largest and most superior larynx cartilage?

Answer 24

The thyroid cartilage. Protects the vocal cords.

Question 25

What is the elastic and moveable cartilage of the larynx?

Answer 25

Epiglottis

Question 26

What is a complete ring at the base of the larynx? Marks the beginning of the esophagus?

Answer 26

Cricoid cartilage

Question 27

How many C-shaped rings keep the trachea open?

Answer 27

16-20

Question 28

What shape are the trachea cartilaginous rings?

Answer 28

C shaped

Question 29

Where does the trachea bifurcate?

Answer 29

T5, the carina

Question 30

What are the 3 large paired salivary glands?

Answer 30

Parotid, submandibular, sublingual

Question 31

What is the duct that extends from anterior gland to oral cavity?

Answer 31

The parotid duct/Stensen duct

Question 32

What is the Wharton Duct?

Answer 32

It's the submandibular duct that opens into the oral cavity on either side of the lingual frenulum, immediately posterior to teeth

Question 33

How many sublingual ducts empty into the floor of the mouth?

Answer 33

10-20

Question 34

What are the 10-20 sublingual ducts called?

Answer 34

Rivinus ducts

Question 35

What are the parathyroid glands?

Answer 35

Secrete parathyroid hormones. There's usually 4 of them on the posterior surface of the thyroid.

Question 36

The neck is divided into ant/post triangles by the _________ muscle.

Answer 36

sternocleidomastoid

Question 37

What is a strap-like muscle that originates on the sternum and inserts on the temporal bone and turns the head from side-to-side and flexes the neck?

Answer 37

The sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 38

Where does the left common carotid arise from?

Answer 38

The AO arch

Question 39

Where does the Internal Jugular vein enter?

Answer 39

The base of the skull through the carotid canal in the temporal bone. No branches in the neck, but many branches in head to supply eyeballs and brain.

Question 40

The external carotid artery passes through which gland?

Answer 40

The parotid gland

Question 41

The external carotid artery has no branches to the face/neck. True or false?

Answer 41

False. The ECA has many branches to supply blood to the face and neck.