Cranium and Branium Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 8 bones of the cranium?

A

Parietal (2), frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, and the temporal (2)

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2
Q

What bones are in the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Frontal bone, ethmoid bone, and sphenoid bone

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3
Q

What bones are in the middle cranial fossa?

A

Sphenoid and the temporal

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4
Q

What bones are in the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Occipital and temporal bone

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5
Q

What are the two portions of the Ethmoid bone?

A

Horizontal portion and vertical portion

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6
Q

Where is the horizontal portion of the ethmoid bone?

A

Fits into ethmoid notch of frontal bone, contains foramina for passage of olfactory nerves

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7
Q

Where is the vertical portion of the ethmoid bone?

A

Porjects from cribriform plate to form nasal septum

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8
Q

Does a cephalohematoma cross sutures?

A

No

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9
Q

What are the 3 types of scalp hematomas?

A

Caput Succedaneum, Subgaleal Hematoma, Cephalohematoma

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10
Q

What are the 4 sutures of the cranium?

A

Squamous suture, coronal suture, sagittal suture, lambdoidal suture

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11
Q

What are the 7 fontanels?

A

Anterior Fontanel, Posterior Fontanel, Anterolateral (2), Posterolateral (2)

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12
Q

When does the anterior fontanel close?

A

Age 2

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13
Q

When does the posterior fontanel close?

A

b/w 1-3 months

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14
Q

When does the anterolateral fontanel close?

A

b/w 1-3 months

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15
Q

When does the posterolateral fontanel close?

A

2 yrs

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16
Q

What is Dura Mater?

A

The strongest outermost layer of the brain, double layer of membrane continuous w/periosteum of cranium

17
Q

What is arachnoid mater?

A

Middle layer, delicate, transparent

subdural space = a potential space between the dura and arachnoid mater.

18
Q

What is Pia Matter?

A

The inner layer, highly vascular, adheres to contours of brain.
Subarachnoid space = poential space b/w arachnoid and pia mater, contains most of the CSF

19
Q

What space contains most of the CSF?

A

The subarachnoid space

20
Q

What do the right and left lateral ventricles communicate with?

A

The 3rd ventricle via the foramen of Monro

21
Q

What does the 3rd ventricle communicate with?

A

The 4th ventricle via aqueduct of Sylvius

22
Q

How does CSF exit the ventricular system

A

Exits through the foramen of Magendie, which communicates with the subarachnoid space and through the foramen of Luschka. Then enters subarachnoid space and circulates around brain and spinal cord.

23
Q

What does the Choroid Plexus create?

A

CSF

24
Q

Where is CSF created?

A

Choroid Plexus

25
Q

What is the largest cistern?

A

Cisterna Magna

26
Q

The brain receives blood from what 2 main vessels?

A

Internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries

27
Q

What do the internal carotid arteries supply?

A

Frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes of the brain and eye ball structures

28
Q

Where do the vertebral arteries go and what do they form?

A

Coarse along medulla oblongata and join anterior to pons and form basilar artery

29
Q

The Circle of Willis anastomosises between 4 major cerebral arteries:

A

Anterior and posterior cerebral arteries

anterior and posterior communicating arteries