spine / abdominals Flashcards
what 3 muscles make up erector spinae
- longissimus
- spinalis
- iliocostalis
longissimus
o = posterior sacrum
i = transverse processes, mastoid processes
a = extend spine
n = posterior rami
spinalis
o = lumbar spinous processes
i = spinous processes of upper back + neck
a = extend spine
n = posterior rami
iliocostalis
o = posterior iliac crest
i = lower ribs
a = extend spine
n = posterior rami
describe characteristics of cervical spine
- 7 vertebrae
- small vertebral body
- small spinous processes
- little transverse processes
describe characteristics of thoracic spine
- 12 vertebrae
- larger, heart shaped body
- articulate w/ ribs
- spinous process faces down
describe characteristics of lumbar spine
- 5 vertebrae
- bean shaped body
- long transverse processes
- spinous process faces back
describe characteristics of sacral spine
- 5 vertebrae
- fused
how many vertebrae are there in the coccygeal spine
4
list the 4 abdominal muscles
- rectus abdominus
- transverse abdominus
- internal obliques
- external obliques
rectus abdominus
o = pubis
i = costal cartilage ribs 5-7, xiphoid
a = trunk flexion
n = thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12
transversus abdominus
o = iliac crest, inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia, inferior 6 ribs
i = xiphoid, rectus sheath, pubis
a = compress abdomen
n = thoracic spinal nerves T8-T12
internal oblique
o = inguinal ligament, iliac crest
i = ribs 8-12, rectus sheath
a = compress abdomen, flex trunk bilaterally, rotate trunk unilaterally
external oblique
o = lower 8 ribs
i = rectus sheath, iliac crest
a = compresses abdomen, flex trunk bilaterally, rotates trunk unilaterally
n = lower intercostal nerves
what 3 muscles attach to the iliac crest
transversus abdominus, internal oblique (o)
external oblique (i)
what muscles insert on the rectus sheath
transversus abdominus, internal oblique, external oblique
what muscles insert on the xiphoid
rectus abdominus, transversus abdominus
what makes up the space between vertebrae
the nucleus fibrosus
