Shoulder

Question 1

What muscles elevate the scapula (2)

Answer 1

• levator scapulae
• trapezius

Question 2

What muscles depress the scapula (2)

Answer 2

• trapezius
• pectoralis minor

Question 3

What muscles protract the scapula (2)

Answer 3

• pectoralis minor
• serratus anterior

Question 4

What muscles retract the scapula (2)

Answer 4

• trapezius
• rhomboids

Question 5

What muscles flex the shoulder (2)

Answer 5

• biceps brachii
• pectoralis major

Question 6

What muscles extend the shoulder (3)

Answer 6

• triceps
• teres major
• latissimus dorsi

Question 7

What muscles abduct the shoulder (2)

Answer 7

• deltoid
• supraspinatous

Question 8

What muscle adducts the shoulder

Answer 8

• latissimus dorsi

Question 9

What 4 muscles make up the rotator cuff

Answer 9

Supraspinatous, infraspinatous, teres minor, subscapularis

Question 10

Trapezius

Answer 10

o = skull, cervical + thoracic vertebrae
i = spine of scapula + clavicle
a = scap elevation, depression + retraction
n = spinal accessory nerve

Question 11

Pectoralis minor

Answer 11

o = ribs 3-5
i = coracoid
a = scap depression, protraction
n = medial pectoral

Question 12

Serratus anterior

Answer 12

o = ribs 1-9
i = medial border of scap
a = scap protraction
n = long thoracic

Question 13

Levator scapulae

Answer 13

o = C1-C4
i = superior vertebral border of scap
a = elevation of scap
n = dorsal scapula

Question 14

Rhomboid minor + major

Answer 14

o = C7-T1 (minor), T2-T6 (major)
i = vertebral border of scapula
a = retract scapula
n = dorsal scapula

Question 15

Supraspinatous

Answer 15

o = scapula
i = greater tubercle, humerus
a = abducts shoulder
n = suprascapular

Question 16

Deltoid

Answer 16

o = clavicle, acromion + scapula
i = humerus
a = shoulder abduction
n = axillary

Question 17

latissimus dorsi

Answer 17

o = T9-L5, posterior iliac crest
i = intertubercular groove, humerus
a = shoulder extension + adduction
n = thoracodorsal

Question 18

Teres major

Answer 18

o = inferior angle of scap
i = medial lip of intertubercular groove
a = extension, internal rotation
n = lower subscapular

Question 19

Triceps (long head)

Answer 19

o = infraglenoid tubercle, scapula
i = olecranon, ulna
a = shoulder extension
n = radial

Question 20

Pectoralis major

Answer 20

o = ribs, sternum, clavicle
i = greater tubercle, humerus
a = shoulder flexion
n = pectoral nerves

Question 21

Biceps

Answer 21

o = supraglenoid tubercle (long head), coracoid process (short head)
i = radial tuberosity
a = flexes shoulder
n = musculocutaneous

Question 22

Subscapularis

Answer 22

o = subscapular fossa
i = head of humerus (lesser tubercle)
a = internal rotation
n = upper + lower subscapular nerves

Question 23

Infraspinatous + teres minor

Answer 23

o = scapula
i = head of humerus (back of greater tubercle)
a = external rotation
n = suprascapular, axillary

Question 24

What muscles originate on the scapula

Answer 24

• 4 rotator cuff muscles
• triceps
• teres major
• deltoid

Question 25

What muscles insert onto the scapula

Answer 25

• serratus anterior
• trapezius
• lavator scapulae