Spine

Question 1

Which parts of the spine are lordotic and kyphotic

Answer 1

Lordotic is cervical and lumbar

Kyphotic is thoracic and sacrum

Question 2

Which ligament runs from c1 -sacrum?

C2-sacrum?

C7-sacrum?

Answer 2

Anterior
Posterior
Supraspinous

Question 3

Which ligament is in the odontoid?

Which ligament is in cruciform?

Answer 3

Alar

Transverse

Question 4

Which ligament is in the C-spine?

Which ligament is yellow

Answer 4

Ligamentum nuchae is in the cspine

Flava

Question 5

What level is the conus medularis

Answer 5

L1/2

Question 6

Cauda equina

Answer 6

End of conus to sacral/coccyx

Question 7

Tethered cord

Answer 7

L1/2-S2

Question 8

What’s purpose of nerve plexuses

Answer 8

Serve motor and sensory needs of the muscles, skin and extremities. Via the dorsal and central rami

Question 9

What are the four main spinal nerve plexus in what regions?

Answer 9

Cervical C1-c4 muscles of shoulder and neck

Brachial C5 to T1 upper extremity

Lumbar T 12 to L4 lower abdominopelvic region buttox and anterior thighs

Sacral L4- S4 lower trunk posterior thighs and feet

Question 10

Four main vasculature of the spine

Answer 10

Vertebral arteries/anterior posterior spine

Segmental arteries/spinal rami

Internal venous plexus/cord

External Venus plexus vertebral column

Question 11

Which ventricle should be include in doing a C-spine

Answer 11

Fourth ventricle

Question 12

C-spine indications

Answer 12

Myelopathy
Cord compression or trauma
Spinal infection or tumor
Chiari malformation and cervical syrinx
MS plaques with in the cord

Question 13

What’s a common artifact you can have in the spine and what is the name for it in the brain

Answer 13

Gibbs artifact in the spine and truncation in the brain

Question 14

Why do we do an axial T-2 when looking at MS

Answer 14

To demonstrate the bone marrow

Question 15

What are the four types of Arnold Chiari malformation

Answer 15

1. Tonsils below foramen magnum
2. Elongated pons, medulla overlaps the cranial spinal cord m, fourth ventricle downward displaced
3. Occipital/ high cervical cerebellar encephalocele
4. Cerebellum is hypoplastic

Question 16

What type of scan should be added when trauma is involved?

Answer 16

GRE to show blood

Question 16

Do cyst enhance in post contrast

Answer 16

No

Question 17

Where should you center when setting up Tspine

Answer 17

Use large FOV localizer-sag

Center over xiphoid

Question 18

Tspine indications

Answer 18

Disc disease
Cord compression
Ms plaques
Cord tumor
Inferior extent of cervical syrinx

Question 19

Positioning for l spine

Answer 19

T11-s2

Make sure the cord is midline

Question 20

Do you do a T1 or T2 first on Lspine

Answer 20

T2 bc planar Axial look at pathology first

Question 21

When doing Lspine and see scoliosis or kyphotic what do you do with SS

Answer 21

Stack it

Question 22

L Spine indications

Answer 22

Diskitis
Evaluation of conus
Failed back syndrome
Hnp/ annular tear 
Spinal stenosis
Tumor/ mass/ trauma
Cord termination
Disk prolapse
Schmorls nodules

Question 23

Lower back pain syndrome

Answer 23

Sprain, strain, degenerative
Bulging disk
Herniated

Question 24

Does scar tissue enhance immediately after contrast

Answer 24

Yes

Disk may take up to 60 mins

Question 25

Best imaging planes for spine

Answer 25

Sagittal for screening

Axial for document lesions

Question 26

Advantages of using FSE/RARE

Answer 26

Shorter scan times
High resolution
Myelographic effect
Inc SNR
Inc slices

Question 27

3 disadvantages of using RARE in spine

Answer 27

Inc fat signal so add FS
Image blurring
Flow artifacts

Question 28

Filum terminal?

Thecal sac ends?

Answer 28

L5/S1

S2

Question 29

Which ligament helps to prevent protrusion of the nucleus pulposis

Answer 29

Posterior longitudinal ligament