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PT assess. practical 2 > Spine > Flashcards

Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Number of cervical vertebra

A

7

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2
Q

number of thoracic vertebra

A

12

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3
Q

number of lumbar vertebra

A

5

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4
Q

tell about atlanto-occipital joint

A

condylloid joint
2 degrees of freedom
head flexion/extension and side bending

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5
Q

Atlanto-axial joint

A

pivot joint
50% happens at this joint
cardiac and respiratory centers located here

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6
Q

facet joints

A

synonvial gliding
each vertebra has four facets
each group has five articulations

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7
Q

what plane are cervical facets in in

A

horizontal plane, mostly rotation

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8
Q

what plane are thoracic vertebra in

A

frontal plane, for side bending

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9
Q

What plane are lumbar vertebra in

A

transverse plane

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10
Q

SI joint

A

plane/synovial gliding

lots of movement here when women are pregnant

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11
Q

rectus capitus innervation

A

C1-C2 nerve supply

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12
Q

longus capitus innervation

A

C1-C3 nerve supply

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13
Q

longus capitus motions

A

assists with neck flexion, prime action is to STABLIZE cervical vertebrae

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14
Q

longus colli motion and innervation

A

assists with neck flexion, prime action is to STABLIZE cervical vertebrae, C2-C6 nerve supply

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15
Q

anterior scalene motion and innervation

A

flexes the neck and also side bends to same side and rotates neck to the same side, C5-C6 nerve supply

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16
Q

sternocleidomastoid action and innervation

A

flexion, ispsi. Flexion and contra. Rotation, spinal accessory nerve X

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17
Q

rectus capitus posterior

A

extension with both muscles, subocciptal nerve

-major and minor

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18
Q

oblique capitus innervation and actions

A

superior and inferior: extension of upper cervical vertebra

Suboccipital N.

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19
Q

interpsinals action and innervation

A

neck extension

dorsal primary rami N.

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20
Q

intertransversals action and innervation

A

between the transverse processes, ipsi. Lateral flexion, contract on both sides, just stabilizes the spine
dorsal Primary Rami N.

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21
Q

semispinalis action and innervation

A

contralateral rotation (main action), assists with extension and ipsilateral flexion , dorsal primary rami

22
Q

multifidus action and innervation

A

contralateral rotation (main action), assists with extension and ipsilateral flexion , dorsal primary rami

23
Q

short rotator action and innervation

A

contralateral rotation (main action), assists with extension and ipsilateral flexion , dorsal primary rami

24
Q

spinalis action or innervation

A

extension ONLY

25
Q

longissimus action and innervation

A

extension, ispsilateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation

26
Q

iliocostalis action and innervation

A

extends, ipsilateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation

27
Q

splenius capitus action and innervation

A

extension, ipsilateral rotation (main action), ipsilateral flexion , dorsal primary ramus

28
Q

splenius cervicis action and innervation

A

extension, ipsilateral rotation (main action), ipsilateral flexion, dorsal primary rami N.

29
Q

rectus abdominis action and innervation

A

trunk flexion, lower 6 thoracic nerves (T7-T12)

30
Q

transversus abdominus action and innervation

A

ipsilateral rotation, maintain pressure in abdomen (T7-T12)

31
Q

quadratus lumborum action and innervation

A

hip hike motion or ipsilateral flexion, contracts on both sides = trunk stabilization (T12, L1-L4)

32
Q

abdominals all together

A

they flex trunk and support viscera and maintain intra-abdominal pressure, which is important for breathing, lower 6 thoracic nerves (T7-T12)

33
Q

PSIS is a what level of the spine

A

S2

34
Q

iliac crest is at what level of the spine

A

L4

35
Q

inferior angle is at what level of the spine

A

T8

36
Q

with the neck in neutral position what level of the C-spine is most prominent

A

C7

37
Q

with the neck flexed what level of the C-spine is most prominent

A

T1

38
Q

Cervical flexion ROM (goni and inclin.)

A

0-(45-60)

39
Q

Cervical extension ROM (goni and inclin.)

A

0-(60-80)

40
Q

Cervical rotation ROM (GOni. and inclin.)

A

0-(50-70)

41
Q

Cervical lateral flexion ROM (GOni. and inclin.)

A

0-(25-50)

42
Q

Lumbar flexion ROM

A

0-(80-100)

43
Q

Lumbar extension ROM

A

0-(30-45)

44
Q

Thoracolumbar lateral flexion ROM

A

0-(30-45)

45
Q

Lumbar flexion MMT grading

A

5: hands behind head
4: arms folded across chest, all scapula off surface
3+: arms at sides + all scapula off surface
3: arms at sides + inferior scapula remain in contact with surface
2: raises head and cervical spine, all scapula in contact with surface
1: palpable contraction

46
Q

What muscles are involved with trunk flexion

A

rectus abdominis

47
Q

muscles involved in lumbar extension

A

erector spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis), transversospinalis, multifidus, rotatores, interspinales, intertransversali, quadratus lumborum

48
Q

lumbar extension MMT grading

A

5: hands behind head
4: arms folded behind back, all sternum off surface
3: arms at sides + all sternum off surface
2: arms at sides, partial ROM
1: palpable contraction

49
Q

muscles involved in lumbar rotation

A

external and internal obliques

50
Q

Lumbar rotation MMT grading

A

5: hands behind head
4: arms folded across chest, all scapula off surface
3: arms at sides, all scapula off surface

51
Q

muscles involved in pelvic elevation

A

quadratus lumborum, iliocostalis lumborum

52
Q

Pelvic elevation MMT grading

A

5: max resistance
4: mod resistance
3: min resistance
2: elevates pelvis thru full ROM
1: palpable contraction

PT assess. practical 2 (2 decks)

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