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ORTHOBULLETS > SPINE > Flashcards

SPINE Flashcards

1
Q

Tx pannus assoc w RA

A

occipitocervical fusion +/- posterior decompression

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2
Q

when vertebral artery can’t be controlled w tamponade

A

embolization/stent/clip

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3
Q

cervical decompression alone contraindicated when

A

in pts w cervical kyphosis

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4
Q

fx pattern of type 2 odontoid assoc w incr nonunion

A

posterior displ/angulation

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5
Q

degradation of large proteoglycans in nucleus pulposus

A

intervertebral disc degeneration

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6
Q

water content change with intervertebral disc degen

A

water content decr

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7
Q

where is vertebral artery at risk

A

cephalad to posterior arch of C1 when more than 1.5 cm lateral to midline

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8
Q

surgery for symptomatic disc herniation

A

good early pain relief to 2 yrs

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9
Q

synovial cyst histology

A

synovial cells surround vascular granulation tissue

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10
Q

is smoking assoc w airway complications after ACDF

A

no

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11
Q

fasciculations UMN or LMN

A

LMN

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12
Q

nerve root risk w laminoplasty

A

C5

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13
Q

Tx cervical spondylolysis wo gait changes or pathologic reflexes

A

nonop w PT, NSAIDs

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14
Q

MC nerve inj assoc w halo traction

A

CN 6 - lateral eye movment

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15
Q

changes w disc aging

water
cartilage
proteoglycan
pH

A 
water = decr
cartilage = fibrocartilage
proteoglycan = decr
pH = decr
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16
Q

Laminoplasty contraindicated

A

pts w more than 10 deg of rigid cervical kyphosis

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17
Q

far lateral disc herniation at L3-4 affects which

A

L3 nerve root

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18
Q

far lateral affects which

A

exiting nerve root (nerve root above)

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19
Q

central/paracentral affect which

A

traversing nerve root (nerve root below)

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20
Q

C7 root exits btwn

A

C6-7

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21
Q

posterolateral pathologies impinge on ___ roots

foraminal pathologies impinge on ___ roots

A

posterolateral = traversing (root below)

foraminal = exiting (root above)

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22
Q

DISH affects anterior or postrior bone formation

DISH affects disc space

DISH affect RIGHT or LEFT T spine

A

anterior bone formation

NO DISC

RIGHT t spine

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23
Q

if compression fx exhausts nonop tx

A

kyphoplasty

24
Q

when can u determine asia level

A

when out of spinal shock

if no bulbo reflex, pt still in spinal shock

25
Q

variable loss of motor/pain/temp w preserved proprioception

A

anterior cord syndrome

26
Q

cervicomedullary angle less than 135 suggests

A

basilar invagination

27
Q

posterior ADI indication for surgery

anterior ADI indication for surgery

A

pADI less than 14

aADI greater than 10

28
Q

peds Halo configurations

A

6-12 pins 2-4 lbs torqque

29
Q

adult Halo configuration

A

4 pins 6-8 lbs torque

30
Q

C6-7 disk herniation typically affects what

A

C7 nerve root

31
Q

TX transverse lig disruption

A

C1-2 fusion w sublaminar wiring

32
Q

myelopathy hand incl

A

+hoffman
weak grip/pinch
small finger escape
impaired rapid alternating movement (dysdiadochokinesia)

33
Q

ADI more than 7 mm means

A

ruptured transverse, alar lig + tectorial membrane

34
Q

what is predictive of risk of incr slip w spondy

A

slip angle

35
Q

smallest pedicle at lvl

A

L1

36
Q

if sum of lateral mass displacements more than 7 mm means

A

transverse lig rupture and unstable

37
Q

AS vs DISH

higher rate of neuro injury w trauma

mortality rate

A

AS

Same mortality rate

38
Q

which has incr rate of isolated R thoracic spine dz

AS vs DISH

A

DISH

39
Q

mc complication with PSO

A

Pseudarthrosis

40
Q

define hangman fracture

tx type 1

2-3

A

hyperextension compression

type 1- rigid c collar

type 2- disrupt PLL reduction w extension then halo

41
Q

if pt has cervical myelopathy with kyphosis how does that change tx

A

must do anterior decompression to correct kyphosis

then posterior decompression

42
Q

mc location of tb in kids

A

anterior aspect of lower thoracic spine

43
Q

tx thoracic disk herniation

A

anterior diskectomy with or without fusion

44
Q

PSO yields how much correction

A

30 deg

45
Q

VCR yields how much correction

A

45 deg

46
Q

smallest pedicle diameter

A

T6

47
Q

largest pedicle diameter

A

T1, T12

48
Q

how does safe approach zone for lateral transpsoas approach change as move down lumbar spine

A

decr due to more ventral position of lumbar plexus

49
Q

center of rotation for soft tissue chance fx

A

abdominal viscera

50
Q

what has highest numeric contribution to TLICS

A

Posterior lig complex integrity

51
Q

which pedicle has largest diameter

A

T12

52
Q

smallest pedicle diameter

A

L1

53
Q

mech of burst fx

A

axial load + flexion

54
Q

structures in anterior column

A

ALL

anterior 2/3 body

55
Q

structures in middle column

A

PLL

posterior 1/3 body

56
Q

structures in posterior column

A 
pedicle
lamina
facet
lig flavum
spinous process
PLC
57
Q

conus medullaris syndrome

A

paralysis of bowel/bladder w sparing of motor nerve roots to lower extremity

ORTHOBULLETS (9 decks)

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