SpinalCord/Vertabrae/BackMuscles

Question 1

name highlited strs

explain where sensory and motor nerves differ in neuron channel location

Answer 1

mixed nerves run through to each of the rami, they continue to be mixed even once meeting together from the ant/post rami in the spinal nerve, but then seperate with motor neurons/impulse in the ventral root and sensory nerves in the dorsal root.

mnem: vroom vroom = ventral = motor

Question 2

descr extrinsinc back muscles, name 6 rel.

what is innervation?

Answer 2

extrinsinc = physically loc. in back, but but mostly move the upper limbs

Superficial = trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboids

Intermed = serratus post. inferior, serratus post. superior

exterinisic innervation = nerves from anterior (ventral) rami.

Question 3

descr/name 8 rel. intrinsic back muscles

name intrinsic back muscle innervation

Answer 3

on the back and move the back

superficial = spenius cervicis, splenius capitis

interm = erector spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis)

deep = traversospinalis (semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores)

innervation = posterior (dorsal) rami

Question 4

name trapezius action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 4

action: elevate/depress scapula. retract scapula.

origin = occipital proturb/ligamtenum nuchae/spinous proc T1-T12

Insert = lateral 3rd calvicle/acromion/scapular spine

Blood = transverse cervial a./v.

nerve: motor = accesory nerve
sensory = c3,c4 spinal nerves

Question 5

name levator scapulae action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 5

action: elevate scapula/downward rot. of scapula
origin: post. tubercles of transverse process c1-c4
insert: medial border scapula
nerve: ant. (ventral) rami of c3-c4 and dorsal scapular nerve
blood: dorsal scapular artery/transverse cervical a.

Question 6

rhomboid major action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 6

action = fix scapula to thoraci wall

origin = sp. proc. of t2-t5

insert = medial border scapula

nerve = dorsal scapular nerve

blood = dorsal scapular artery

Question 7

rhombus minor action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 7

action = fix scapula to thoracic wall

origin = ligementum nuchae/spine c7/T1 vert.

insert = medial border scapula

nerve: dorsal scapular nerve

blood = dorsal scapualar artey

Question 8

latissimus dorsi action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 8

action = extend/adduct/medial rot of humerus (arm)

origin = spin. proc. of T7-L5

insert = humerus

nerve: thoracordorsal nerve

bllod = thoracodorsal art.
transverse cervical

Question 9

Triangle of auscitiation. What muscles b/w and what is relevance

Answer 9

inferior to trapezius, superior to latissimus and medial of the spine of the scapula.

good area to listen to heart/lung sounds b/w 6th/7th rib

Question 10

lumbar triangle, what b/w and clincial rel.

Answer 10

b/w the lat/external oblique/iliac crest

site of lumbar hernias (rare)

Question 11

serratus post. superior action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 11

interm. ext.

action = elevates ribs/proprioception of breathing

origin = ligementum nuchae/spin.proc. of C7-T3

insert = sup. aspect of ribs 2-4

nerve = ventral (ant.) rami of upper thoracic nerves

blood: post. intercostal a.

Question 12

thoracolumbar fascia is critical to ?

Answer 12

organization of the back/muscles

Question 13

serratus posterior inferior action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 13

intermed. extrisnic

action = depress ribs/proprio

origin = sp. proc. of T11-L2

insert = inferior aspect of ribs 9-12

nerve = ventral (anteriror) rami of lower thoracic nerves

blood = post. intercostal a.

Question 14

splenius cervicis action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 14

superfiicial intrisinnc

action = extend neck/rotate head to side of lateral flexo;’;

origin = sp. proc. T3-T6

isnert = trans process of C1-C3

nerve = dorsal (post) rami of lower cervical nerves

bllod= descending occiptial artey

Question 15

splenius capitis action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 15

superfic. intrinsic

action = extend head/rotate head one side of flex

origin = nuchal ligament/ sp. proc. of C7-T3

insert = mastoid process of temporal bone, lat. 3rd of sup. nuchal line

nerve = dorsal (post) rami of middle cervical nerves

blood = descending occipital a.

Question 16

erector spinae action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 16

intermed. intrinsic (3 muscles)

acrion = extends/lateral bend of cerebral cloumn/head

origin (all 3): post. sacrum

insert = iliocostalilis (angles of lower ribs/cerv. tranverse processes)
Longissimus (b/w tubercels/angles of ribs and trasverse proc. of thoracic/cervical vert.)
Spinalis(spin. proc. of upper thoracic and mid cervial.

blood (supplied by region): cervical = occipital a.

thoracic = dorsal (post) brach of post. intercostal

sacral = dorsal branches of lateral sacral a.

Question 17

Semispinalis (tranversospinalis) action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 17

deep intrin

action =extends head/upper vert. rot them also contralaterally (opp. side)

origin = transverse process C4-T12

insert = spinal proc. of cervical/thoracic regions

nerve = dorsal (post.) rami of spinal nerves

blood = (cervical = occipital, thoracic = dorsal brnach post. intercostal a.)

Question 18

multifidus action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 18

deep intrin

action = stabilize vert/ vert contalateral

origin =sacrum/ilium/trans proc of t1-t12

insert = upper cervical trans. proc.

berve = dorsal (post.) rami of spinal nervs

blood = (cervical = occipital a.) (thoracic = dorsal branch post. intercostal) (sacral = drosal branch of lateral sacral a.)

Question 19

rotatores action/orgin/insertion/blood/innerv

Answer 19

deep intrin

action = stabilize vert/ vert contalateral

origin =sacrum/ilium/trans proc of t1-t12

insert = upper cervical trans. proc.

berve = dorsal (post.) rami of spinal nervs

blood = (cervical = occipital a.) (thoracic = dorsal branch post. intercostal) (sacral = drosal branch of lateral sacral a.)

Question 20

ID str in thoracic level xs

Answer 20

Question 21

name 4 subocciptial muscles

describe overall function

which one has a special feature in terms of attachment?

Answer 21

rectus capitus posterior major

rectus capitus posterior minor

Obliquus capitis inferior** speical = no attachment to the skull

Obliquus capitis superior

all 4 work to posture/hold our neck

Question 22

Obliquus capitis superiror

action/origin/insert/nerve/blood

Answer 22

suboccipital

origin = transverse process of atlas (C1)

insert = occiptial bone

nerve = subocciptial nerve (post. rami C1 *same thing*)

blood = vertabral a.

Question 23

Obliquus capitis inferior

origin/insert/nerve/bllood

Answer 23

suboccipital

origin = spine of axis (C2)

inssert = transverse proc. of atlas (C1)

nerve = suboccitial nerve

blood = vertabral a.

Question 24

rectus capitus posterior minor

origin/insert/nerve/bllood

Answer 24

subocc

origin = tubercle of post. arch of atlas (C1)

insert = median inferior nuchal line

nerve = suboccipital nerve

blood = vertebral artey

Question 25

rectus capitus posterior major

origin/insert/nerve/bllood

Answer 25

subocc

origin = spine of axis (C2)

insert = inferior nuchal line

nerve =suboccipital nerve

blood = vertebral a.

Question 26

suboccipital triangle

name boundaries/floor/roof

whats inside?

Answer 26

boundary = rectus capitius post. major/obliquus capitis sup. and inferior

floor = post. atlento-occitpital membrane and post arhc of c1

roof = semispinalis capitis

contents = vertebral a. (after 1st 90 degree turn) and suboccipitall nerve

Question 27

Name the two main nerves of the Posteriror cervical region. what does each innervate?

Answer 27

1. posterior ramus of spinal nerve C2; skin over neck and occipital bone
2. Ant. rami of spinal nerves C2-C3; Supplies skin of superoposterior neck and scalp posterior to external ear