Spinal Cord Disorders

Question 1

4 UMN lesion signs

Answer 1

Babinski
Hypereflexia
rigidity
Spasticity

Question 2

4 LMN lesion sings

Answer 2

flaccid paralysis
hyporeflexia
muscle atrophy
fasiculations/ fibrillations

Question 3

Another name for acute spinal cord injury

Answer 3

Spinal shock

Question 4

acute spinal cord injury- SSx

Answer 4

flaccidity
areflexia
hypotension
bradycardia

Question 5

Tx for acute spinal cord injury

Answer 5

this is usually an emergency situation
ABCs
cervical spine immobilization
respiratory assistance

Question 6

chronic spinal cord injury

Answer 6

signs of UMN lesion- hyper-reflexia and hypertonia

Question 7

treatment for a chronic spinal injury

Answer 7

depends on the lesion

Question 8

LMN disease/ radiculopahthy SSx

Answer 8

PAIN
numbness, paresthesias
weakness
hyporelfexia

Question 9

UMN disease- myelopathy

Answer 9

NO PAIN
gait or balance problems
bowel or bladder incontinence
hypereflexia

Question 10

3 spinal cord syndromes

Answer 10

Central spinal cord syndrome
anterior cord syndrome
Brown- Sequard syndrome

Question 11

Central Cord syndrome

which tracts and what part of the spinal

Answer 11

Corticospinal tract and the anterior horn cells

Question 12

Central Cord syndrome- UE or LE

Answer 12

UE are affected much more than lower extremities

Question 13

Central Cord syndrome- where is sensory loss

Answer 13

Sensory loss is below the level of the lesion but this is variable

Question 14

Central Cord lesion- etiology

Answer 14

bleeding into the central part of the spinal cord (edemantous injury)
cervical spondylosis

Question 15

Anterior Cord lesion- which tracts are affected

Answer 15

Corticospinal tract is affected as well as the STT at the level of the spinal cord injury

Question 16

Anterior Cord lesion- which tracts and sense are spared

Answer 16

the Dorsal column tract is spared so vibratory and propiocetive senses are still intact

Question 17

Anterior Cord injury- What happens with STT and its senses

Answer 17

The STT is affected at the level of the injury b/c that is where it decussates.
Lose pain and temperature at that level

Question 18

What is the etiology of Anterior cord syndrome

Answer 18

occlusion of the Anterior spinal artery

Question 19

What is the presentation of anterior cord syndrome

Answer 19

Paralysis below the level of the lesion (CST)
insensitivity to pain and temperature at the level of the lesion (STT)
intact propioception and vibration (DCML)

Question 20

Brown Sequard syndrome- etiology

Answer 20

Hemisection of the spinal cord

Question 21

Brown Sequard syndrome- presentation

Answer 21

Ipsilateral paralysis below the level of hte lesion (CST)
Ipsilateral loss of vibration and propioception (DCML)
contralateral loss of pain and temperature (STT)

Question 22

Cauda Equina Injury- Presentation

Answer 22

LE weakness
urinary retention BUT incontinence after voiding
Saddle anesthesia
sexual dysfunction

Question 23

Cauda Equina Injury- etiology

Answer 23

anything that impinges on the cauda equina
Tumor
Trauma
ankylosing spondylosis
CIDP
Spinal stenosis

Question 24

Cauda Equina injury- location of the lesion

Answer 24

below L1 and L2

Question 25

C5 radiculopathy=

Answer 25

loss of bicep reflex

Question 26

C6 radiculopathy=

Answer 26

loss of bicep and triceps reflex

Question 27

C7 radiculopathy=

Answer 27

triceps weakness

Question 28

L4 radiculopathy=

Answer 28

loss of patellar reflex

Question 29

L5 radiculopathy=

Answer 29

reduction in ankle reflex

Question 30

S1 radiculopathy=

Answer 30

loss of ankle reflex

Question 31

Treatment of radiculopathies

Answer 31

avoid strain
NSAIDs and analgesia
resume activites when symptoms improve