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SHB2 > Spinal cord > Flashcards

Spinal cord Flashcards

1
Q

What receptors are non encapsulated?

A

Free nerve endings, merkel’s disk, and hair follicles

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2
Q

What receptors are encapsulated?

A

Meissner’s corpuscle, pcinian corpuscle, ruffini ending, joint receptor, neuromuscular spindle, golgi tendon organs

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3
Q

What is the function of free nerve endings?

A

pain/temperature, slow adapting

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4
Q

What is the function of merkel’s disk?

A

touch, slow adapting

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5
Q

What is the function of hair follicles?

A

touch, fast adapting

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6
Q

What is the function of meissner’s corpuscle?

A

2 point discrimination, fast adapting

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7
Q

What is the function of pacinian corpuscle?

A

vibration, fast adapting

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8
Q

What is the function of ruffini ending?

A

stretch, pressure, slow adapting

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9
Q

What is the function of joint receptor?

A

joint position, slow adapting

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10
Q

What is the function of neurmuscular spindle?

A

limb muscle, strength/length, slow adapting

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11
Q

What is the function of golgi tendon organs?

A

muscle tension, slow adapting

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12
Q

Describe the lateral division of the dorsal root afferents

A

thin, lightly myelinated fibers, pain and temp, light touch, visceral afferents

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13
Q

Describe the medial division of dorsal root afferents

A

thick, heavily mylenitaed fibers, 2 point touch, limb position, muscle stretch, sends collaterals to medulla

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14
Q

What are the spinal segments?

A 
Cervical: 1-8
Thoracic: 1-12
Lumbar: 1-5
Sacral: 1-5
Coccygeal: 1
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15
Q

How far does the fetal cord extend?

A

to L3

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16
Q

What gives the denituclate ligament?

A

Pia matter; anchors the cord to the dura

17
Q

What are the short/long pre/post ganglionic rules?

A
  1. Parasympathetics have long pre and short post
  2. Sympathetics have short pre and long post EXCEPT splanchnics: greater synapses in celiac, less in superior mesenteric and aortico renal, and least in renal plexus
18
Q

Somites in the embryo become what?

A

Dermis, muscle, skeleton

19
Q

What are the common dermatomal references?

A 
C2: back of head
C6: thumb and index finger
T4: nipples
T10: umbilicus
L3: kneecap
S1: lateral foot
20
Q

Where does the dorsal root enter?

A

posterior lateral sulcus

21
Q

What is the separation between gracilus and cuneatus?

A

posterior intermediate sulcus

22
Q

Where is the anterior spinal artery?

A

anterior median fissure

23
Q

Where does the ventral root leave?

A

anterior lateral sulcus

24
Q

What makes up the posterior funiculus?

A

white matter ascending acons mostly from the dorsal column pathway

25
Q

What happens in the dorsolateral fasciculus/zone of lissauer?

A

area where axons ascend or descend several segments

26
Q

What happens at the anterior commissure?

A

fibers cross from one side to the other

27
Q

What are the three grey matter regions in the spinal cord?

A

anterior horn, intermediate gray, and posterior horn

28
Q

What is the substantia gelatinosa?

A

small compact cells that modify sensory input by synapsing on dendrites in nucleus proprius. Recieves small diamter dorsal root afferents. All cord levels

29
Q

What is the nucleus proprius?

A

proper sensory nucleus, recieves many sensory inputs and contains main interneurons, contains tract cells that project contralaterally as the spinthalamic tract. all cord levels

30
Q

What is the nucleus dorsalis?

A

Clark’s nucleus. C8-L3. Homologous to the lateral cuneate nucleus in the medulla. recieves muscle spindle information. projects ipsilaterally to the cerebellum as the dorsal spinocerebellar tract.

31
Q

What is the intermediolateral nucleus?

A

Origin of preganglionic cholinergic sympathetic efferents. T1-L3. GVE

32
Q

What is the intermediomedial nucleus?

A

recieves visceral afferents, projects to the IML, found at all spinal cord levels

33
Q

What are the medial and lateral motor nuclei?

A

made up of large alpha motor nueorns that innervate skeletal muscle. Phrenic nucleus exists at c3-c5 in the medial n (cervical ventral horn). spinall accessory n exists at c1-6 laterally.

34
Q

Where are motor nuclei largest?

A

in the cervical and lumbar enlargements

SHB2 (11 decks)

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