Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nervous > Spinal column > Flashcards

Spinal column Flashcards

1
Q

• a mass of nerve tissue located
in the vertebral cavity from
which 31 pairs of spinal nerves
originate

A

SPINAL COLUMN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

•Protective Coverings of Spinal Cord
• bony structure protecting
the spinal cord

A

VERTEBRAL COLUMN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

• transmits impulses to & from
the brain
• integrating center for spinal
reflexes

A

SPINAL CORD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

•Protective Coverings of Spinal Cord
• layers of connective tissue
coverings that extend
around the spinal cord &
brain

A

MENINGES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

•the space bet. the dura
mater & vertebral column
contains a cushion of fat
& conn. tiss. that help
protect the spinal cord

A

EPIDURAL SPACE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

• the middle layer of the
meninges
• composed of collagen &
elastic fibers arranged
like a “spider’s web”

A

ARACHNOID MATER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

•the space bet. the
arachnoid mater &
dura mater
•contains interstitial
fluid

A

SUBDURAL SPACE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

PIA MATER

A

• the innermost meninx
• a thin, transparent layer of
collagen & elastic fibers
that adheres to the surface
of the spinal cord & brain
• has numerous blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

•the space bet. the pia
mater & arachnoid
mater
where cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF) circulates

A

SUBARACHNOID SPACE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

•where needle is inserted
for injection of spinal
anesthesia or to remove
CSF during a lumbar
puncture/spinal tap

A

SUBARACHNOID SPACE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

• are named after
adjacent vertebrae

A

SEGMENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

• length of the adult
spinal cord ranges
from 16–18 inches
& its diameter is
about 0.75 in. (2
cm)

A

LENGTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

• it extends from the
medulla oblongata,
the inferior part of
the brain, to the
superior border of
2nd lumbar
vertebra.

A

LENGHT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

• “horse’s tail”
• an array of roots of
spinal nerves at the
inferior end of the
spinal cord

A

CAUDA EQUINA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

•ENLARGEMENTS
•contains nerves that
supply the upper
limbs

A

CERVICAL ENLARGEMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ENLARGEMENTS
•contains nerves
that supply the
lower limbs

A

LUMBAR ENLARGEMENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Internal Structure of Spinal Cord
• a small space that extends the
length of the cord & contains CSF
• continuous with the fourth
ventricle (a space that contains
CSF in the medulla oblongata of
the brain)

A

CENTRAL CANAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Internal Structure of Spinal Cord
• contains bundles of myelinated
nerve fibers ascending and
descending through the spinal
cord in separate tracts

A

WHITE MATTER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Internal Structure of Spinal Cord
• surrounded by white matter
• receives & integrates incoming
& outgoing information & is a
site for integration of reflexes

A

GRAY MATTER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Internal Structure of Spinal Cord
• an H-shaped or butterfly-
shaped area of gray matter in
the spinal cord
• made up of cell bodies
clustered into nuclei

A

HORNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

• contain cell bodies of somatic
motor neurons

A

ANTERIOR/VENTRAL HORNS

22
Q

• contain cell bodies of
autonomic motor
neurons
• only found in the
thoracic & upper
lumbar segments of
the cord

A

LATERAL HORNS

23
Q

• contain cell bodies of somatic
& autonomic sensory neurons

A

POSTERIOR/DORSAL HORNS

24
Q

• group of white matter tracts in
the spinal cord
• contain both ascending
(sensory) & descending (motor)
tracts

A

COLUMN

25
Q

• consist of myelinated axons
that conduct nerve impulses
upward or toward the brain

A

ASCENDING (SENSORY) TRACTS

26
Q

• consist of myelinated axons
that carry nerve impulses from
the brain down the spinal cord

A

DESCENDING (MOTOR) TRACTS

27
Q

Structures related to Spinal Nerves
• two bundles of axons that
connect each spinal nerve to a
segment of the cord

A

ROOTS

28
Q

• contains motor nerve
fibers/axons that conduct
impulses from the CNS to
muscles & glands

A

ANTERIOR (VENTRAL) ROOT

29
Q

• contains sensory nerve
fibers/axons that conduct
nerve impulses for sensations
from the skin, muscles, &
internal organs into the CNS

A

POSTERIOR (DORSAL) ROOT

30
Q

• a swelling found on each
posterior root that contains
the cell bodies of sensory
neurons

A

POSTERIOR ROOT GANGLION

31
Q

• the portion of the
vertebral column from
which the first cervical
pair of spinal nerves
emerge

A

ATLAS

32
Q

• portion of the vertebral column
from which the other spinal
nerves emerge

A

INTERVERTEBRAL FORAMINA

33
Q

• an area of skin that provides
sensory input to the CNS via the
posterior roots of one pair of
spinal nerves

A

DERMATOME

34
Q

• a network of nerves formed from
the branching of spinal nerves

A

PLEXUS

35
Q

• formed by spinal nerves C1 to C4
• innervates the skin & muscles of
the posterior head, neck, upper
part of the shoulders, and the
diaphragm

A

CERVICAL PLEXUS

36
Q

• arises from the cervical plexus
• stimulates the diaphragm to
contract
• damage to the spinal cord above
the origin of this nerve may cause
respiratory failure

A

PHRENIC NERVE

37
Q

• formed by spinal nerves C5 to T1
• innervates the upper limbs &
several neck & shoulder muscles
• where the median, ulnar & radial
nerves arise

A

BRACHIAL PLEXUS

38
Q

• arises from brachial plexus
• innervates the skin & muscles of
posterior arm, forearm, & hand
• may be injured by a faulty deltoid
injection , tight arm cast or
improper use of crutches

A

RADIAL NERVE

39
Q

• arises from brachial plexus
• innervates the skin & muscles of
anterior arm, forearm, & hand
• is affected in carpal tunnel
syndrome & often cut during
wrist-slashing suicide attempts

A

MEDIAN NERVE

40
Q

• refer to spinal nerves T2 to T11
that do not form plexuses
• extend directly to the structures
they supply: intercostal muscles,
abdominal muscles & skin of the
chest and back

A

INTERCOSTAL NERVES

41
Q

• formed by spinal nerves L1 to L4
• innervates the abdominal wall,
external genitals, and part of the
lower limbs
• where the femoral nerve arises

A

LUMBAR PLEXUS

42
Q

• also called “lumbosacral plexus”
• formed by spinal nerves L4 to S4
• innervates the buttocks,
perineum, & lower limbs

A

SACRAL PLEXUS

43
Q

• arises from sacral plexus
• thickest & longest nerve of the body
• innervates skin & muscles of
posterior thigh, leg & foot
• has two main branches: tibial nerve &
common fibular nerve

A

SCIATIC NERVES

44
Q

• may be injured by a faulty gluteal
injection

A

SCIATIC NERVE

45
Q

• the route that nerve impulses
follow from a neuron in one part
of the body to other neurons
elsewhere in the body

A

PATHWAY

46
Q

• a fast, involuntary sequence of
actions that occurs in response to
a particular stimulus

A

REFLEX

47
Q

• refers to a reflex wherein
integration takes place in the
spinal cord gray matter

A

SPINAL REFLEX

48
Q

• integration of reflex occurs in the
brain stem rather than the spinal
cord

A

CRANIAL REFLEX

49
Q

• a pathway followed by nerve
impulses that produce a reflex

A

REFLEX ARC

50
Q

• effector is a skeletal muscle
• e.g., patellar & triceps reflex

A

SOMATIC REFLEX

51
Q

effector is a smooth muscle or gland
• e.g., swallowing, urinating,
defecating

A

AUTONOMIC or VISCERAL REFLEX

Nervous (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions