Spinal Anatomy Tracts (PNS) Flashcards by james hall

In between the myelin there are nodes called what

Nodes of Ranvier

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The Pns is myelinated by what types of cells

Schwann cells

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The PNS consists of what

CN and Spinal Nerves (including their ganglia)

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PNS ganglia are groups of what

Of neuron cell bodies

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Peripheral nerves or just (“Nerve”) are mostly what type of axons

myelinated axons

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what is a nerve fiber of the Pns

single axon is a peripheral nerve

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where are unipolar cells found in the pns

posterior rood ganglion

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where are bipolar cells found in the pns

in retina and sensory ganglion of cochlear and vestibular nerves

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are spinal roods the same as dermatomes

the are similar but they are NOT the same

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What are the cutaneous (superficial) branches of the cervical plexus and their nerve root(s)

Lesser Occipital (C2,3)
Greater Auricular (C2,3)
Transverse cervical (c2,3)
Supraclavicular (ant, mid and post) (C2,3)

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What is the function of the Lesser occipital nerve

Sensory along the posterolateral neck

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what is the function of the greater auricular nerve

sensory of the ear and parotid glad

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what is the function of the transverse cervical nerve

sensory of the anterior and lateral neck

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what is the function of the anterior, middle and cervical nerve

sensory of the shoulder and anterior chest

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what are the motor (deep) branches of the cervical plexus and their roots

Ansa cervicalis (sup and inferior roots) (C1-4)
Segmental branches (C1-5)
phrenic (C3,4,5)

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What is the function of the ansa cervicalis

Motor to the geniohyoid and infrahyoid muscles of the neck

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what is the function of the segmental branches of the cervical plexus

motor to the neck and scalenes, levator, trapezium and SCM

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what is the motor function of the phrenic nerve

C3, 4 and 5 keel the diaphragm alive

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what are the nerves of the lumbar plexus

Femoral (L2-4)
Obturator (L2-4)
Lateral femoral cutaneous (Lat fem cut) (L2,3)
iliohypogastic (L1)
ilioinguinal (L1)
genitofemoral (L1-2)

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what is the function of the femoral nerve

Sensory to thigh, leg, foot, hip, knee joints

Motor to anterior thigh, psoas, pectineus and iliacus

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what is the function of the obturator nerve

sensory to medial thigh and hip joint

motor to adductors, gracilis and obturator externus

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what is the function of the Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the lumbar plexus

Sensory to the lateral thigh, branches to the peritoneum

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what is the function of the iliohypogastic nerve

Sensory to the lower abdomen, lower back and hip, anterolateral abdominal wall and pubic region

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what is the function of the ilioinguinal nerve

sensory to the external genitalia thigh and abdominals

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what is the function of the genitofemoral nerve

sensory to the the scrotum, labia, thigh and cremasterics

What are the branches of the sacral plexus and their roots

``` Sciatic nerve (L4,5 & S1-2) Tibial (L4-S3) Common Peroneal (Fibular) (L4-S2) Superficial peroneal (fibular) (L4-S2) Deep peroneal (L4-S2) Superior Gluteal (L4, L5, S1) Inferior Gluteal (L5-S2) Pudendal (S2-S4) ```

what is the function of the sciatic nerve

motor to the Tibial and common peroneal nerve

What is the function of the tibial nerve

Sensory to the posterior leg and foot | motor to all muscles back of the thigh, leg and foot

what is the function of the common peroneal nerve

sensory to anterior leg and dorsum of foot | motor to peroneals, tibialis anterior, extension of toes

what is the function of the superficial peroneal nerve

motor to the lateral compartment of the leg

what is the function of the deep peroneal nerve

motor to the anterior compartment of the leg

what is the function of the superior gluteal nerve

motor to the gluteus minimus, medius and the Tensor Fascia Lata

what is the function of the inferior gluteal nerve

motor to the gluteus maximus

what is the function of the Pudendal nerve

Sensory to the perineum | motor to the external anal sphincter

What is the brachial plexus named according to

its position to the axillary artery *****

What are the divisions of the brachial plexus starting at the nerve roots

Roots, Trunks, Divisions, cords and branches

what are the roots of the brachial plexus

C5,6,7,8 and T1

what are the trunks of the BP

upper middle lower

what are the chords of the brachial plexus

Lateral, posterior and medial

what are the branches of the BP

``` Musculocutaneous axillary radial median ulnar ```

If you have a patient that is having tingling and numbness in their fourth and fifth digits which branch is involved

Ulnar***

you have a patient that is having difficulty with extension in the distal upper extremety, which cord is involved

Posterior

How do you remember the function of the CN

Some Say Marry Money But My Big Brother Says Big Boobs Matter More (Start with S it is sensory, M is for Motor, B is for Both)

How do you remember the Foramina that the CN exit

``` Come On SOFia SOFia SOFia ROll OVer SOFia I AM in A Mood (for) JUGs JUGs JUGs Hello Cribriform plate (I), Optic canal (II), Superior Orbital Fissure (III), Superior Orbital Fissure (IV), Superior Orbital Fissure (V1), Foramen Rotundum (V2), foramen Ovale (V3), Superior orbital fissure (VI), Internal Auditory Meatus ((VII), Internal Auditory Meatus (VIII), Jugular foramen (IX), Jugular foramen (X), Jugular Foramen (XI), Hypoglossal canal (XII) ```

Which CN does not synapse in the Thalamus

CN I

what is the Nuclei for CN III

Edinger-Westphal

which CN is the smallest

CN IV

which CN is the largest

Trigeminal (CNV)

what is the nuclei and or ganglion of CN V

Gasserian semilunar or trigeminal ganglion

what is a condition that can occur to CN V

Trigeminal neuralgia

What is the nuclei to the Facial Nerve

Superior Salvatory

what is a condition that can happen to CN VII

Bell's palsy

what is the ganglia for the vestibularcochlear nerve

Vestibular ganglion (of scarpa)

what is the Nuclei for CN IX & CN XI

Nucleus ambiguous

what is the nuclei of the vagus nerve

Parasympathetic dorsal motor nuclei

what is the Nuclei for the Hypoglossal nerve

hypoglossal nuclei

what CN controls taste

CN VII anterior 2/3 | CN IX Posterior 1/3

Parasympathetics travel through which CN's

III, VII, IX, and X (90% of body)

the Middle Meningeal Artery Exits through what foramen

Foramen Spinosum

what exits the Foramen Lacerum

Internal Carotid Artery (Temportal and Sphenoid)

Injury to the PTERION (Junction of sphenoid, temporal, frontal and parietal bones) can cause what

damage to the middle meningeal artery and possible death

What else could you call the foramen lacerum

a cartilaginous hole not a boney hole