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Practice Questions > Spinal Anatomy Question Bank > Flashcards

Spinal Anatomy Question Bank Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following bone houses the hearing/Cochlea and Semicircular Canals apparatus?
A. The petrous part of the Temporal bone
B. The body of the Sphenoid bone
C. The tympanic part of the Temporal bone
D. The pterygoid part of Sphenoid

A

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2
Q 
Which of the following does NOT belong to the Sphenoid bone?
A. Dorsum sella
B.Posterior clinoid process
C.  Internal acoustic
D. Foramen rotundum
A

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3
Q 
The Mandibular division of Trigeminal nerve passes through the: 
A. Foramen rotundum
B. Foramen ovale
C. Foramen spinosum 
D. Foramen cecum
A

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4
Q

In axial skeleton’s endochondral ossification:
A. The Mesenchymal cells inititally differentiate into Osteoprogenitor cells
B. The Mesenchymal cells initially differentiate into Chondrblasts
C. Osteocyts differentiate into Osteoprogenitor cells
D. Osteoblasts differentiate into Osteoclasts

A

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5
Q 
Which of the following curvatures of the spine are primary curvatures?
A. Pelvic and thoracic
B. Lumbar and cervical
C. Thoracic and cervical
D. Pelvic and cervical
A

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6
Q 
A transverse process of a vertebra attaches at the :
A. Side of the body 
B. Junction of the body and pedicle
C. Junction of the lamina and pedicle
D. Junction of the lamina
A

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7
Q

Typical cervical vertebra may be distinguished from other vertebra by the :
A. Pointed spinous processes and circular vertebral foramina
B. Presence of accessory processes and on the transverse processes
C. The posterolateral direction of their superior articular processes
D. The saddle shaped bodies with projecting lips

A

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8
Q 
The ligament that border the vertebral canal anteriorly is:
A. Anterior longgitudinal 
B. Ligamentum flavum 
C. Posterior longitudinal 
D. Interspinous
A

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9
Q

Which of the following directly connects the atlas to the axis?
A. Transverse ligament
B. Accessory/ deep part of tectorial membrane
C. Alar ligament
D. Superior longitudinal

A

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10
Q

Which of the following terms represent the axial skeleton’s three main types of joints?
A. Sydesmoses; synchondroses; and gomphosis
B. Sydenmoses; synchondroses; and synostosis
C. Synchodroses; amphiarthroses; and symphysis
D. Synarthrosis; synchodrosis; and diarthrosis

A

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11
Q

The articular pillar:
A. Is the bodies of the cervical vertebrae stacked up on top of one another
B. Is making the posterior boundaries of the IVFs in the cervical region
C. Is making the anterior wall of vertebral canal in thoracic region
D. Is the laminae of thoracic vertebrae stacked up on top of one another

A

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12
Q 
The primary movement at the atlanto-axial joint is:
A. Flexion and extension
B. Rotation 
C.Lateral bending
D. Circumduction
A

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13
Q 
A tubercle like structure attached to the superior articular process of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_vertebrae is called\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Lumbar; Accessory process
B. Cervical; Carotid
C. Thoracic; transverse process
D. Lumbar; Mammillary process
A

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14
Q 
Which of the following transitional movements is correct when rotating the head to the right with the body in its anatomical position?
A. +0Y
B. -0X
C. +0Z
D. -0Y
A

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15
Q

Choose the correct order of neurulation during the embryonic period:
A. Neural tube and neural crest, neural groove and folds, neural plane, neuroectoderm
B. Neuroectoderm, neural tube and crest, neural groove and folds,neural plane
C. Neural groove and folds, neural plate, neuroectoderm, neural tube and neural crest
D. Neuroetoderm, neural plate, neural groove and folds, neural tube and neural crest

A

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16
Q 
Which of the following  congenital abnormalities of the vertebrae and spinal cord is characterized by a dorsally exposed neuronal tissue?
A. Spina bifida occulta
B. Spina bifida with myeloschisis
C. Spina bifida with meningocele
D. Spina bifida with meningomyelocele
A

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17
Q 
All of the following nerves contain a mix of both somatic and autonomic nerve fibers components EXCEPT:
A. Lesser occipital nerve
B. Least thoracic splanchnic nerve
C. Femoral nerve
D. Pudendal nerve
A

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18
Q 
The \_\_\_\_\_\_Spinal cord level is involved in processing the cutaneous sensation from the medial aspect of the leg.
A. L4
B. S1
C. L3
D. S2
A

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19
Q 
The interventricular opening between the lateral and thrid ventricles of the brain is known as:
A. Aqueduct of sylvius
B. Aperture/foramen of luschka
C. Foramen of monroe
D. Foramen of magendie
A

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20
Q 
Which of the following ligaments limit head's rotation to the left or right?
A. Anterior longitudinal ligament
B. Deep part of tectorial ligament 
C. Alar ligaments
D. Apical ligament
A

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21
Q 
The spinal cord anchored in dural sac by:
A. Dural sleeve 
B. Dentate ligament 
C.Cruciate ligament
D. Dorsal & ventral rootlets
A

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22
Q

Identify the anterior border of the intervertebral foramina in the thoracic spine:
A. Inferior vertebral notch of vertebra above
B. The Z joint and associated articular processes of the corresponding vertebrae
C. Posterolareral aspects of the vertebral bodies above and below and posterolateral aspect of corresponding IV disc
D. Superior vertebral notch of the vertebra below

A

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23
Q 
The postganglionic sympathetic neurons for the radiating muscles of the iris are located at:
A. Ciliary ganglion
B. Pterygopalatine ganglion 
C. Celiac ganglion 
D. Superior cervical ganglion
A

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24
Q 
Sweat glands and hair follicles of the trunk are innervated by the postganglionic sympathetic neurons located in:
A. Prevertebral sympathetic ganglia
B. Paravertebral sympathetic
C. Pterigopalatine ganglion 
D. Otic ganglion
A

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25
Q

The preganglionic parasympathetic neurons of the lacrimal nerve are located in:
A. Inferior salivatory nucleus in the medulla
B. Dorsal motor nucleus in the medula
C. Superior salivatory nucleus in the pons
D. Pterygopalatine ganglion in pterygopalatine fossa

A

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26
Q 
The Lumosacral enlargement  of the spinal cord is located at:
A. L4-S3 vertebral level 
B. T11-L1 cord level
C. L1-L2 vertebral level
D. L1-S3 cord level
A

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27
Q 
The facets of the superior articular processes of a typical thoracic verebra are oriented:
A. Anteromedially 
B. Dorsolaterally 
C. Anterolaterally 
D. Dorsomedially
A

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28
Q 
Which of the following autonomic ganglia are not part of the paravertebral or prevertebral ganglia?
A. Celiac ganglion
B. Superior cervical ganglion 
C. Cilitarty ganglion 
D. Superior mesenteric
A

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29
Q

Vertebral arteries and their union in front of the Pons, the basilar artery, along with their branchs supply all of the following neuronal structures EXCEPT:
A. Visual cortex
B. Cervical segments of spinal cord
C. Inferior & superior salivatory nuclei
D. Otic & pterygopalatine ganglia

A

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30
Q 
The following neuronal structures are dervatives of neutral crest cells EXCEPT:
A. Basal ganglia
B. Celiac ganglia
C. Dorsal root ganglia
D. Middle cervical ganglia
A

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31
Q 
The posterior divisions of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_and anterior divisions of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_together form the largest nerve, "Sciatic", in the body.
A. L5- S2 and L5-S4
B. L1-S4 and L2-S2
C. L4-S2 and L4-S3
D. L5-S4 and L4-S3
A

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32
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the Sacrotuberous ligament is correct?
A. It connects the sacrum to the tubercle of the coccyx
B. Runs between dorsal aspect of sacrum and iliac tuberosity
C. It makes the medial boarder of greater sciatic foramen
D. Runs between dorsal aspect of sacrum and ischial tuberosity

A

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33
Q 
At any given moment, there is about 150ml of cerecrospinal fluid located in:
A.Lateral ventricles and subdural space 
B. All ventricles and extradural space
C. Lumbar cistern and subarachnoid space
D. All ventricles and subarachnoid space
A

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34
Q

The cauda equina:
A. Is formed by dorsal and ventral roots of L1-Co spinal nerves
B. Is located between L2 & S2 vertebral levels
C. Its components are bathed in CSF of lumbar cistern
D. All of the above

A

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35
Q 
The spinal dura mater attached to all of the surrounding structures EXCEPT:
A. Intervertebral disc
B. Dentate ligaments
C. Filum terminale externa
D. Foramen magnum
A

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36
Q 
The cutaneous brances of \_\_\_\_\_\_nerve conducts sensation from the lateral 2/3 aspect of the palm.
A. Musculocutaneous
B. Median
C. Ulnar
D. Radial
A

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37
Q 
Which of the following structure is NOT attached to the intervertebral discs?
A. Posterior longitudinal ligament
B. Iliolumbar ligament
C. Radiate ligament
D Dural sac
A

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38
Q

All zygapophyseal joints are innervated by local:
A. Recurrent meningeal nerves
B. Medial branches of dorsal rami
C. Dorsal branches of ventral rami
D. Lateral branches of both dorsal and ventral rami

A

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39
Q

The anulus fibrosus component of the IV disc:
A. Is highly elastic and more cartilaginous than fibrous
B. Its fibers are tightly attached to the ALL and PLL
C. Is a remnant of the notocord
D. Is 70-90 % water

A

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40
Q 
The\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_is making part of posterior border of the spinal canal.
A. Cruciform ligament 
B. Tectorial membrane
C. Ligamentum flavum
D. Posterior longitudinal ligament
A

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41
Q

The spinalis muscle group is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Generally originate from the transverse processes of the vertebrae below and inserts into the spinous processes of vertebra above
B. They lie superficial to the spinotransversalis muscle group
C. Their fibers pass over more than five vertebrae
D. When acting unilaterally, they rotate the head and spine contralaterally

A

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42
Q

Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the deep back muscles:
A. Nearly all of them are innervated by the dorsal primary rami of local spinal nerves
B. Those of the erector spinae group typically arise approximately
C. All the deep back muscles lie deep to the thoracolumbar fascia
D. Those in the splenius group, when acting on one side of the spine, rotate the head to the opposite

A

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43
Q

Which of the following statements about the suboccipital region

A

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44
Q 
Which of the following structures is/are NOT aderivative of the somites?
A. The sacrum and the coccyx
B. Dura mater
C. Deep muscles of the back
D. Paravertebral chain
A

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45
Q

Which of the following develop into the spinal cord and dorsal root gablia?
A. Rostral part of neural tube and neural crest cells
B. Caudal part of neural tube and sclerotomal cells
C. Rostral part neural tube and myotomal cells
D. Caudal part of neural tube and neural crest cells

A

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46
Q 
At birth , the most common site of spinal cord termination is at:
A. L1 disc as the conus medullaris
B. L2 disc as the conus medullaris 
C. L3 disc as the lumbar enlargement 
D. S2 as the coccygeal ligament
A

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47
Q

The preganglionic sympathetic And parasympathetic neurons that regulate the cardiac muscles are respectively located in :
A. Lateral horn of midthoracic level and midbrain
B. Lateral horn of upper thoracic and medulla oblongata
C. Sympathetic chain ganglion and the pons
D. Prevertebral ganglia and medulla oblongata

A

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48
Q

The vertebral artery ( include its branches if necessary):
A. Supplies the spinal cord along with vital neuronal elements of of the CNS
B. In the suboccipital region, is located between dorsal arch of atlas and lamina of the axis
C. Along with sympathetic nerve fibers travel through all the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae
D. In the suboccipital region, winds in front the atlanto-occipital joint, then passes through the anterior anterior atlanto-occipital membrane into the cranial cavity

A

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49
Q

The superior border of a cervical intervertebral foramina is made of:
A. Inferior pedicle notch of the vertebra above
B. Uncinate proces of lower vertebra and associated fossa
C. Superior pedicle notch of the vertebra below
D. The Z joint capsules and associated ligaments

A

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50
Q 
The \_\_\_\_\_\_cord level are involved with ankle jerk reflex?
A. S2-S3
B. S1-S2
C. L4-S1
D. L2-L4
A

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51
Q 
The dura mater proper that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum is:
A. Falx cerebri
B. Tentorium cerebri
C. Tentorium cerebelli
D. Falx cerebelli
A

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52
Q

All the following statements regarding Brachial Plexus are true EXCEPT:
A. Its C8 & T1 roots combine to make the lower trunk
B. Radial nerve made of branches from both lateral and medial cords
C. Some of the anterior neck muscles are innervated by its roots
D. Axillary nerve is one of its terminals

A

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53
Q 
Which of the following motion unite has an unconvertebral joint?
A. S2-S3
B. C1-C2
C. C6-C5
D. T2-T1
A

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54
Q 
The term describing the movement of the sternum during  breathing is the:
A. Pump handle
B. Bucket handle
C. Umbrella handle
D. Drawer handle
A

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55
Q 
What parts of the sacrum are homologues with the articular process of a movable vertebra?
A. Lateral sacral crests
B. Sacral grooves
C. Intermediate sacral crests
D. Median sacral crests
A

.

56
Q

The following statement with regard the temporomandibular joint are true EXCEPT:
A. It is classified as a symphysis type joint
B. The condyle of the mandible, articular tubercle are among the components
C. A fibrocartilaginous articular disc divides the joint cavity into superior and inferior compartments
D. The joint supported laterally by temporomandibular ligament

A

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57
Q 
Generally, during which of the following period of development do the primary ossification centers of the typical vertebra form?
A. 4th week of development
B. After birth, up to 25 years of age
C.  7th week of development
D. Fetal period of development
A

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Practice Questions (7 decks)

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