Speech Therapy

Question 1

Aphasia

Answer 1

Language impairment resulting in difficulty understanding, speaking, reading, writing, and gesturing

Question 2

Non-fluent aphasia AKA

Answer 2

Brocas

Question 3

Non-fluent aphasia - site of lesion

Answer 3

inferior frontal gyrus in the left cerebral hemisphere

Question 4

Non fluent aphasia - characteristics include

Answer 4

Wordfinding difficulty
Automatic speech
Auditory comprehension problems
Problems with reading and writing
Paraphasic errors
Perseverations

Question 5

Non fluent aphasia - characteristic - Wordfinding difficulty

Answer 5

They know what they want to say but they can’t find the word for it

Question 6

Non fluent aphasia - characteristic - Automatic speech

Answer 6

Count 1-10, sing happy birthday - the things that are often over learned

Question 7

Non fluent aphasia - characteristic - Auditory comprehension problems

Answer 7

Can’t understand as well, could be simple or complicated things that they can’t follow
You can have them follow commands to test this

Question 8

Non fluent aphasia - characteristic - Problems with reading and writing can also impact

Answer 8

spelling

Question 9

Non fluent aphasia - characteristic - Paraphasic errors

Answer 9

Using the wrong word - the wrong word comes out - they likely know what is is and are aware that the wrong word came out
Frustrating to them

Question 10

Non fluent aphasia - characteristic - Perseverations

Answer 10

A word gets stuck, it won’t leave and so they use the same word repeatedly and it is not what they are intending to say

Question 11

Non fluent aphasia - Communication strategies

Answer 11

Face the patient as you speak
Reduce speaking rate
Speak in short sentences
Use facial expression and gestures
Don't shout
Avoid use of idioms
Repeat once, reword
Semantic and phonemic cues may assist with verbal wordfinding

Question 12

Fluent aphasia AKA

Answer 12

Wernickes

Question 13

Fluent aphasia site of lesion

Answer 13

Superior convolution of the temporal lobe of the cerebrum

Question 14

Fluent aphasia characteristics

Answer 14

Neologisms
Literal paraphasias
Verbal paraphasias
Impaired self monitoring
Intact inflection
Frustration

Question 15

Fluent aphasia characteristics - neoglisms

Answer 15

Words that aren’t words - might even sound like they are speaking another language

Question 16

Fluent aphasia characteristics - Literal paraphasias

Answer 16

More than half of the intended word is present/correct

Ex: trying to say pipe and say pike

Question 17

Fluent aphasia characteristics - Verbal paraphasias

Answer 17

Another word is substituted for the intended word

Ex: spoon instead of fork or sink instead of dog

Question 18

Fluent aphasia characteristics - Impaired self monitoring

Answer 18

These people are not aware that what they are saying is not what they are intending to say

Question 19

Fluent aphasia characteristics - Intact inflection

Answer 19

This is why it sounds natural when they talk

Question 20

Fluent aphasia characteristics - Frustration

Answer 20

Not aware that what they are saying isn’t making sense

Question 21

Fluent aphasia - communication strategies

Answer 21

Validate what you think they meant to say by saying it back to them
Im trying to understand
Use graphics - writing, drawing

Question 22

Dysarthria

Answer 22

A speech disorder resulting from an injury to the brain characterized by decreased strength, rate of motion, and range of motion of the muscles used for speaking

Question 23

Dysarthria affects

Answer 23

articulatory precision, rate, volume, and nasality of speech

Question 24

Dysarthria therapeutic approaches

Answer 24

Exercises to develop strength and coordination of oral musculature
Exercises to enhance breath support
Improving auditory discrimination skills for self monitoring
Maybe a palatal lift
Maybe a voice amplifier

Question 25

Apraxia of speech

Answer 25

A speech disorder resulting from an injury to the brain characterized by difficulty with purposeful movement of the speech muscles to form words
No paralysis of speech muscles but patient has poor voluntary control

Question 26

Apraxia of speech - what might still be intact?

Answer 26

Automatic movements like blowing out candles

It is the communication from the brain to the muscles of the mouth that is not working properly

Question 27

Apraxia of speech characteristics

Answer 27

Maybe difficulty with voice production, making lip movements, and controlling tongue placement
Poor initial place of articulation
Automatic speech

Question 28

Apraxia of speech characteristics - Poor initial placement of articulation

Answer 28

First part of the word is sometimes the hardest for them to get

Question 29

Apraxia of speech characteristics - automatic speech

Answer 29

might be more intact than anything else

Question 30

Apraxia of speech therapeutic approaches

Answer 30

Augmentative communication tools
Oral imitation and speech drill
Melodic intonation therapy

Question 31

Apraxia of speech therapeutic approaches - augmentative communcation tools

Answer 31

More severe cases, writing, spelling board, a computer or a speech generated device can be used

Question 32

Apraxia of speech therapeutic approaches - oral imitation and speech drill

Answer 32

Helps them to watch someone else do it

Question 33

Apraxia of speech therapeutic approaches - melodic intonation therapy

Answer 33

Designed around singing - therapist will sing a phrase and have them patient do it - it is using the R side of the brain to help with the speech production
Mostly used in intensive outpatient units