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Semester 5 PMNM Exam 6 > ADL and Universal Design > Flashcards

ADL and Universal Design Flashcards

1
Q

Activities of Daily Living are

A

those things done each day which sustain and enhance life

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2
Q

It is an assumption that daily activities

A

play a central part in everyone’s life

These activities have been identified as occupation

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3
Q

ADL are oriented toward

A

taking care of one’s own body

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4
Q

ADL include

A 
functional mobility
self-care
personal care devices
sexual activity
sleep/rest
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5
Q

Functional mobility includes

A

movement in bed
transfers
wheelchair mobility
indoor and outdoor ambulation

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6
Q

Self care includes

A 
Dressing
Eating and feeding
Toileting (including BB management)
Bathing
Personal hygiene and grooming
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7
Q

Self care - performance level

A

1 the ability to perform self care tasks ind.
2 assistive devices may be developed to aid in physically impaired
3 other people in environment can be trained to assist

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8
Q

Personal Care Devices - examples

A

Using their hearing aids, changing the batteries

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9
Q

Sexual activity, sleep/rest

A

needs to be addressed at some point with the patient even if they don’t bring it up

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10
Q

IADL are activities that are oriented toward

A

interacting with the environment and that are often complex

Generally optional in nature (can be delegated to someone else)

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11
Q

Examples of IADL

A 
Care for others/pets
Child rearing
Communication device use
Community mobility (driving)
Financial management
Health management
Meal preparation/clean up
Safety procedures 
Emergency response
Shopping
Work activities
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12
Q

IADL - environmental hardware and devices

A 
telephones
keys
faucets
light switches
windows
doors
scissors
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13
Q

IADL - communication skills

A 
ability to write
operate a computer
read
type
use the telephone
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14
Q

Components of an ADL examination

A

SAME! Hx, strength, ROM, coordination, sensation, balance, perceptual skills, cognition, mobility, endurance, cultural values

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15
Q

ADL evaluation - assessment of the environment(s) the person will be returning to and the available resources - what do these types include

A

Home
Work/School
Leisure

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16
Q

ADL evaluation - environments - purpose

A

1 prevent injury
2 ability to return home and level of assistance needed
3 will they be returning to work and do they need modifications
4 leisure?
5 financial resources

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17
Q

Work assessment process - usually done by who

A

Referral for it
Usually done by OT or PT
Worksite visit with the employer/supervisor present

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18
Q

Work assessment - report of findings and recommendations

A

Reassign workspace and associated areas
Identification of assistive and adaptive equip
Purchase and install equipment
Redesign of work duties

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19
Q

Goals

A

Think function
Level of independence
Use of assistive devices and adaptive equipment

20
Q

ADL interventions

A 
ROM, strengthening
Mobility trainings
Balance training
Assistive aids
Adaptive equipment
Cognition
Work simplification
Energy conservation
Effective time management
Positioning
Designs to eliminate barriers
Job analysis and placement
21
Q

Assistive devices and adaptive equipment

A

Any tool used to make a task easier
May include special medical supplies, tools, or appliances that are widely available or something we have adapted ourselves

22
Q

Assistive and adaptive equipment - what to consider

A

cost
use - can and will client use it
design
maintenance

23
Q

Benefits of assistive and adaptive equipment

A 
Safety
Make tasks easier and more efficient 
Conserve energy
Increase/maintain independence 
Joint protection
Self - esteem
24
Q

Energy conservation

A

what is the most efficient way to complete a task or series of tasks

25
Q

Energy conservation - priorities should be set so that

A

those activities that are the most important can be accomplished first

26
Q

Energy conservation - technique to it

A

organize activities into smaller tasks allows the person to stop activity at any point when the pain or fatigue develops

27
Q

Increase/Maintain independence

A

for most this is their goal - need to determine whether this is client’s goal or not
determine what is and what is not feasible

28
Q

Universal Design is what

A

the design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest possibility, without the need for adaptation or specialized design

29
Q

American National Standards Institution - published when?

established guidelines for what?

A

1961
For barrier free design
Based on disability based ergonomic principles
Reviewed and updated every 5 yrs

30
Q

Architectural Barriers Act

A

Enacted 1968

Stipulated that all federal buildings be accessible to the public including to individuals with disabilities

31
Q

Public law 94-142 IDEA

A

enacted 1975
All states receiving federal funding must develop and adhere to policies that provide a free appropriate public education to all children with disabilities

32
Q

Fair housing act

A

enacted 1968
prohibits discrimination relative to the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin, gender, and disability (latter was added in 1988)

33
Q

Americans with disabilities act

A

enacted 1990
Employers cant discriminate based on disability or perceived disability
reasonable accommodations
cant cause undue hardship

34
Q

Universal design principles

A 
1 equitable use
2 flexibility in use
3 simple and intuitive
4 perceptible info
5 tolerance for error
6 low physical effort
7 size and space for approach and use
35
Q

Application of universal design for PT and OT

A

home and work assessments

36
Q

Universal design - home assessment and adaptation is what

A

identification of barriers within the home that have the potential to lead to injury and/or decrease function

37
Q

Universal design - home assessment and adaptation - purpose

A

1 prevention of injury
2 increase function
3 facilitate return to home environment

38
Q

Universal design - home assessment process

A
  • referral for home assessment
  • typically done by OT or PT
  • client and caregiver present
39
Q

Universal design - home assessment process - report of findings and recommendations

A

1 reassign rooms
2 movement or removal of furniture/appliances
3 purchase and installation of equipment
4 identification of outside services

40
Q

Universal design - recommendations - lighting

A

Sufficient brightness
Limit glare
Use of contrasting colors

41
Q

Universal design - entrances

A 
Nonskid surfaces
Stairs have railings and step markings
Appropriate lighting
Easy to use door handles and locks
Distance from house to garage and to curb
Location of mailbox
42
Q

Universal design - common living space

A 
Limited furniture 
Functional furniture
Open walkways
Absence of throw rugs
Floor surfaces appropriate for mobility devices
Appropriate width of doorways/hallways
43
Q

Universal design - kitchens

A 
Safety features of stove
Cabinets within easy reach
Nonskid floor
Location of dining room
Anti-scald devices
44
Q

Universal design - Bathroom

A 
MOST DANGEROUS ROOM!
Space btw vanity, tub, toilet
Type of tub/shower
Presence of adaptive equipment
Nonskid floor
Night light
Anti-scald devices
45
Q

Universal Design - bedroom

A 
Lighting, night light
Height of bed
Location of bed
Accessibility to items in closet and dresser
Proximity to bathroom
46
Q

Universal Design - Miscellaneous

A

Presence of pets and children
Auditory and/or visual smoke detectors, telephone, door bell
Safety devices
Neighbors, friends, family
Bill payment, transportation, medication management
Presence of clutter

Semester 5 PMNM Exam 6 (6 decks)

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