Speech Language Cognitive Processes

Question 1

What is a Neurogenic Communication Disorder?

Answer 1

a problem with communication that arises as a result of damage to the brain or other part of the nervous system

Question 2

Aphasia is a __________ deficit

Answer 2

language

Question 3

Apraxia is a ________ deficit

Answer 3

speech

Question 4

Dysarthria is a ________ deficit

Answer 4

speech

Question 5

Right hemisphere disorder is a __________ deficit

Answer 5

cognitive

Question 6

Traumatic Brain Injury is a __________ deficit

Answer 6

cognitive

Question 7

Dementia is a _________ deficit

Answer 7

cognitive

Question 8

Dysphagia is a _________ deficit

Answer 8

swallowing

Question 9

Define Cognition

Answer 9

the ability to acquire and process knowledge about the world

Question 10

Cognition includes

Answer 10

attention, memory, ad executive function

Question 11

What are the 5 types of attention

Answer 11

orientation
sustained attention
selective attention
alternating attention
divided attention

Question 12

Describe the dorsal/ posterior attention system

Answer 12

basic orientation to sensory stimuli
alert warning
always on

Question 13

Describe the ventral/ anterior attention system

Answer 13

sustained attention
selective attention
activated based on intrinsic need

Question 14

What are the 5 types of memory

Answer 14

short term
long term
working
episodic
procedural

Question 15

Describe short term memory

Answer 15

temporary storage of memory
e.g. story retell

Question 16

Describe long term memory

Answer 16

permanent storage of a memory with unlimited capacity
e.g your name, memorable events

Question 17

Describe working memory

Answer 17

a subset of short term memory
temporary
finite storage for immediate processing and manipulation
e.g. number backwards

Question 18

Describe episodic memory

Answer 18

recall of specific experienced events
e.g recalling dinner with friends last night

Question 19

Describe procedural memory

Answer 19

memory sequence of actions to complete tasks
e.g. brushing, dressing
e.g. piano, articulation and grammar, driving

Question 20

Encoding

Answer 20

initial processing of info
thalamus/ frontal lobe

Question 21

storage

Answer 21

transfer of info temporarily for storage or access
hippocampus/ bilateral medial temporal lobes

Question 22

retrieval

Answer 22

activating existing memory traces, strategy for retrieval, initiating for retrieval, accuracy for retrieval
frontal lobe

Question 23

Describe anterograde amnesia

Answer 23

loss of memory for events occurring after injury
-learning difficulties

Question 24

Describe retrograde amnesia

Answer 24

loss of memory for events prior to injury
-usually temporary

Question 25

Describe executive function

Answer 25

a group of important mental functions that allows us to set goals and get things done

a higher order functions that uses other cognitive functions to complete tasks

Question 26

What are the 4 components of executive functions

Answer 26

inhibition
planning
organization
problem solving

Question 27

T/F: working memory is consider to be a type of executive function rather than a type of memory

Answer 27

true

Question 28

What does the prefrontal cortex do?

Answer 28

directs and cotrols regions of sensorimotor activity

plans an activity, decides whether it is appropriate, initiates drive and motivation to sustain the activity

Question 29

Define Language

Answer 29

set of symbols used to communicate meaning
written, verbal, or sign

Question 30

What is receptive language

Answer 30

comprehension of symbols

Question 31

What is expressive language

Answer 31

production of symbols