Speech Disorders FINAL TEST

Question 1

Papilloma

Answer 1

• Benign, viral neoplasm/tumor
• Stippled mass, like a wart
• Caused by exposure to HPV
• Juvenile or adult papilloma
• May occur in the pharynx, trachea and larynx
• Benign, but may be precancerous

Question 2

Carcinoma

Answer 2

• Malignant tumor
• Life-threatening
• Smoking is a major cause of laryngeal cancer
• risk increases substantially when alcohol is combined with smoking
• Voice changes may be an early detection of disease
• Vs. papilloma & nodules & polyp

Question 3

Edema

Answer 3

• Reinke’s edema: swelling (fluid fills the superficial layer of the lamina propria, aka Reinke’s space)
• Translucent, sac-like
• Smoking, reflux, chronic vocal abuse

Question 4

Laryngeal Web

Answer 4

• Membrane
• Congenital or scar tissue from trauma
• Consequences
• stridor
• hoarseness
• aphonia

Question 5

Spasmodic Dysphonia

Answer 5

• Disorder affecting motor control of the larynx
• Hallmark symptom: Intermittent voice stoppage
• Strained voice, pitch breaks, worsens with stress
• Thought to be psychogenic at one point; now considered a form of focal dystonia

Question 6

Focal Dystonia

Answer 6

Involuntary muscular contractions and abnormal postures

Question 7

Laryngectomy: What kind of surgeries should you have if you caught it early on?

Answer 7

If it is caught early on, may only need chemotherapy or simpler surgery:
- Cordectomy
-Hemilaryngectomy

Question 8

What do you do if you did not catch laryngectomy early on?

Answer 8

You will have to remove the larynx completely

Question 9

Speech After Laryngectomy:
Mechanical

Answer 9

Artificial larynx

Question 10

Speech After Laryngectomy:
Surgical

Answer 10

• TEP (Tracheo-Esophageal Puncture)
• Most frequently used method of laryngeal speech