Spectrum Of Activity

Question 1

Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria;
not anaerobes

Answer 1

Aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, streptomycin, kanamycin)

Question 2

Gram-positive and certain gram-negative (e.g., Neisseria meningitidis) bacteria

Answer 2

Ansamycin (i.e., rifampin)

Question 3

Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but spectrum varies depending on individual antibiotic

Answer 3

Beta-lactams (e.g., penicillin, ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftaroline, aztreonam, imipenem)

Question 4

Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria

Answer 4

Chloramphenicol

Question 5

Gram-positive and many gram-negative bacteria

Answer 5

Folate pathway inhibitors (e.g.,
sulfonamides [S3], trimethoprim (TI)

Question 6

Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria;
spectrum may vary with individual antibiotic

Answer 6

Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin)

Question 7

Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 7

Glycopeptides (e.g., vancomycin) and lipoglycopeptides (e.g., dalbavancin, oritavancin, teicoplanin)

Question 8

Wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative species, including those resistant to tetracycline

Answer 8

Glycylglycines (e.g., tigecycline)

Question 9

Gram-positive cocci including certain macrolide-resistant strains and some fastidious gram-negative bacteria

Answer 9

Ketolides (e.g., telithromycin)

Question 10

Most aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive bacteria and atypical bacteria; clindamy-cin primarily for anaerobes

Answer 10

Macrolide-lincosamide group (macro-lides: e.g., erythromycin, azithromy-cin, clarithromycin; lincosamide: clindamvcin)

Question 11

Gram-positive bacteria, including those resistant to beta-lactams and glycopep-tides

Answer 11

Lipopeptides (e.g., daptomycin)

Question 12

Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria;
treatment of UTI only

Answer 12

Nitrofurans (e.g., nitrofurantoin)

Question 13

Wide variety of gram-positive bacteria, including those resistant to other antimicrobials

Answer 13

Oxazolidinones (e.g., linezolid and tedizolid)

Question 14

Gram-negative bacteria

Answer 14

Polymyxins (e.g., polymyxin B and
colistin)

Question 15

Primarily gram-positive bacteria

Answer 15

Streptogramins (e.g., quinupristin/
dalfopristin)

Question 16

Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and several intracellular bacterial pathogens (e.g., chlamydia)

Answer 16

Tetracycline (e.g., doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline)