Spectrum And Bias

Question 1

The defects in designing of diagnostic studies concern?

Answer 1

Spectrum and bias

Question 2

Spectrum means?

Answer 2

Spectrum means to what extend the range of patients or controls be adequate. A broad spectrum of case and control are required to evaluate the accuracy of specificity and a broad spectrum for accuracy of specificity.

For example clinical spectrum of disease should include varying degrees of severity.

Question 3

The bias?

Answer 3

bias leads in a falsely low or high sensitivity/specificity and thus results in a falsely low or high AUC. The bias in diagnostic assessment has been manifesting in different ways. For example, work up bias means the results of work up has been affected by extensive subsequent “work up” i.e. further diagnosis procedure leads to the increase of the chance of diagnosis.

Question 4

Non-blind design and incorporating bias means?

Answer 4

Non-blind design (i.e. the person makes a decision and interpretation of test results) is aware of the status of case and control when the test result is in a matter of subjectivity. Incorporating (sisällyttää )bias means the test results are actually incorporated as a part of evidence used to make diagnosis