Spect Basics (7) Flashcards
Why can you not directly calculate the spin angular momentum for an atomic nucleus?
vector combination of the proton and neutron individual spins; physical laws not known
How is l, the spin quantum number, for a nucleus determined?
atomic mass and atomic number of the nucleus
How are the spin states of various nuclei empirically determined?
quantum numbers
What is the effect of atomic mass on spin state?
even whole number integral, odd is a fraction
What is the effect of atomic number on spin state?
even can be 0 or half integral, odd can be non-zero
How is the total number of angular moment components for a particular spin state determined?
2I + 1
What are the three classes of nuclei?
No spin, spinning sphere, spinning ellipsoid
What is a quadrupolar nucleus?
Magnetic nuclei with non zero angular momenta and non spherical, ellipsoidal shape
What is the nuclear angular momentum vector?
quantized vector P
How is P related to l?
integral if I = integer, half if I = half-integer
What is the magnetic quantum number, m?
orbitals available within a subshell
How is m related to l?
2I + 1
What is a degenerate nuclear spin state?
identical energies
How are these degeneracies normally removed?
apply external magnetic field to define reference z directino
