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CCHM LAB MIDTERM > specimen collection > Flashcards

specimen collection Flashcards

1
Q

What are the whole blood

A

Formed elements and plasma

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2
Q

What are the formed elements

A

red blood cell
white blood cell
platelets

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3
Q

what is plasma

A
  • Liquid portion of unclotted
    blood
  • With anticoagulant
  • Contains albumin, globulin and
    fibrinogen
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4
Q

What is serum

A
  • Liquid portion of clotted blood
  • Without anticoagulant
  • Contains albumin and globulin
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5
Q

What are the advantage of ETS

A
  • eliminating the need for
    transfer of specimens a
  • minimizing the
    risk of biohazard exposure
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6
Q

Evacuated system tube inclusion

A
  • Double-pointed needle
  • Needle holder
  • Color-coded evacuated tubes
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7
Q

refers to the diameter
of the needle bore

A

needle gauge

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8
Q

Needle parts of ETS

A
  • point
  • bevel
  • shaft
  • hub
  • stopper-puncturing end
  • sleeve / rubber sleeve
  • point
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9
Q

Needle parts of syringe

A
  • point
  • bevel
  • shaft
  • hub
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10
Q

made of rigid plastic and may be designed to act as a safety shield for the used needle.

A

needle holder

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11
Q

Who directed that holders must be discarded with the used needle.

A

OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration

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12
Q

To protect phlebotomists from
accidental needlesticks by
contaminated needle

A

NEEDLE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS

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13
Q

characteristics of needle disposal

A

Rigid
puncture-resistant
leak-proof disposable “sharps”
containers labeled BIOHAZARD

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14
Q

also known as Vacutainers

A

evacuated tubes

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15
Q

also known as Vacutainers made of

A

glass or plastics

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16
Q

Contain a premeasured amount of vacuum
for blood collection

A

evacuated tube

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17
Q

Amount of blood in evacuated tube ranges from

A

1.8-15 mL

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18
Q

Routinely used for venipuncture

A

syringe

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19
Q

volume of syringe ranges from

A

2-20 mL

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20
Q

For drawing blood from patients with
small or fragile veins.

A

venipuncture

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21
Q

Parts of syringe

A

plunger
barrel
plain tip
needle hub
needle
bevel
shaft
point

22
Q

for performing venipuncture from
very small or very fragile veins
often seen in children and in the
geriatric population

A

winged blood collection set or butterfly needle

23
Q

Venipuncture Equipments:

A
  • Tourniquets
  • Vein locating devices
  • 70% isopropyl alcohol, iodine
    swabs
  • 2x2 inch gauze pads
  • Bandage or adhesive tape
  • Phlebotomy collection tray
  • Slides
  • Antimicrobial hand gel
  • Marking pen
24
Q

This can be
worn under latex gloves for
persons that develop an
allergic dermatitis to gloves

A

Cotton gloves liner

25
Q

Types of gloves

A
  • powdered
  • powdered free
  • latex
  • non-latex (vinyl, nitrile, neoprene, polyethylene)
26
Q

locate veins that are not
easily visible

A

vein location device

27
Q

example of vein locating device

A
  • Venescope II
  • Neonatal Transilluminator
28
Q

Requisition is via

A
  • thru phone
  • doctor’s requisition
29
Q

Greeting the patient

A
  • sleeping patient
  • unconscious patient
  • psychiatric unit
  • unavailable patient
  • physician, clergy, visitor
30
Q

information to identify the patient in requisition form

A
  • Patient’s name, age and gender
  • Patient’s date of birth
  • Patient’s location
  • Ordering health-care provider’s name
  • Tests requested
  • Requested date and time of sample collection
31
Q

The most important procedure in
phlebotomy

A

Patient
Identification

32
Q

Ideal time

A

basal state

33
Q

Positioning the Patient

A

supine or sitting upright position

34
Q

Position of the Phlebotomist

A

remains in the standing position

35
Q

Tourniquet application

A

1 minute to avoid hemoconcentration

36
Q
  • The preferred site for venipuncture and is located anterior
    and below the bend of the elbow.
A

Antecubital fossa

37
Q

vein of choice because it is large and does not tend to
move when the needle is inserted

A

Median cubital vein-

38
Q

the least firmly anchored

A

Basilic vein

39
Q

usually more difficult to locate, except possibly in larger
patients, and has more tendencies to move.

A

Cephalic vein

40
Q

has a tendency to “roll” and
hematoma formation is more likely to occur.

A

Basilic vein

41
Q

Arrangement of veins in
the antecubital fossa

A

H-shaped pattern
M-shaped patternm

42
Q

H shaped pattern includes

A
  • includes the cephalic, median
    cubital, and basilic veins in a pattern
    that looks like a slanted H
43
Q

M shaped pattern includes

A

Includes the cephalic, median
cephalic, median basilic, and basilic
veins

44
Q

Areas to Be Avoided

A
  • Damaged Vein
  • Hematoma
  • Edema
  • Burns, Scars and Tattoos
  • Mastectomy
  • Obesity
  • IV Therapy
  • Heparin and Saline Locks
  • Cannulas and Fistulas
45
Q

Cleansing the site

A

Cleansing is performed with a circular motion, starting at the inside of the
venipuncture site and working outward in widening concentric circles about 2 to
3 inches.

46
Q

Anchoring the Vein

A

-Place the thumb 1 or 2 inches below and slightly to the left of the insertion site
and the four fingers on the back of the arm and pull the skin taut.

47
Q

Labeling the tubes

A
  • Patient’s name and identification number
  • Age and Gender of the Patient
  • Date and time of collection
  • Phlebotomist’s initials
48
Q

After Care of Patient

A
  • Bandaging the patient’s arm
  • Compartment Syndrome
  • Accidental Arterial Puncture
  • Allergy to Adhesives
  • Infection
49
Q

Reasons for sample rejection:

A
  • Unlabeled or mislabeled samples
  • Inadequate volume
  • Collection in the wrong tube
  • Hemolysis
  • Lipemia
  • Clotted blood in an anticoagulant tube
  • Improper handling during transport, such as not chilling the
    sample
  • Samples without a requisition form
  • Contaminated sample containers
  • Delays in processing the sample
  • Use of outdated blood collection tubes
50
Q

Never draw out the needle without removing first the tourniquet to avoid

A

hematoma

CCHM LAB MIDTERM (4 decks)

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