Specific mechanism of action Flashcards
what is the MOA of opioid ant/agonists
cell membrane receptor sites
what is the MOA of corticosteroids
nuclear receptors
what is the MOA of diuretics
transport mechanisms
what is the MOA of calcium channel blockers
ion channels
what is the MOA of cyclo-oxygenase COX inhibitors
enzyme inhibitors
what receptor does morphine stimulate
all receptors especially the (mu) ‘mew’ receptor
Why does morphine have multiple side effects
Due to the multiple opioid receptors across the body - brain, spinal cord, GI tract, skin, eyes, medulla (resp, vomiting, cough).
Opioid agonsits
Analgesia, cough suppression, sedation, constipation, N/V, resp depression
Stimulation of opioid receptors results in the pattern of pain signals reaching the cortex being modified so they are not interpreted as being painful
Multiple examples each varies in selectivity, potency, duration of action, metabolism
Opioid antagonists
Competitive antagonists
Reversal of opioid overdose esp in resp depression
e.g. naloxone, naltrexone
Glucocoticoid
Metabolic, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects
Used in skin conditions, autoimmune conditions, allergic reactions
e.g. hydrocortisone, prednisone, beclomethasone
MOA of glucocorticoids
Enter cell + bind to glucocorticoid receptors
Complex undergoes binding with tissue factors that allow attaching to genes
Binding either induces or suppresses messenger RNAs involved in inflammatory mediators (suppressed) or anti-inflammatory proteins (induced)
Mineralocorticoid
Maintain blood volume, retains sodium and water, excretes hydrogen and potassium
e.g. aldosterone
Diuretics MOA
Promote excretion of sodium through blocking Na transports
Water is also excreted to maintain osmotic balance
Diuretics uses
Increase urine output in oedematous states
Reduces high BP
Correct electrolyte imbalances
Diuretics uses
Increase urine output in oedematous states
Reduces high BP
Correct electrolyte imbalances