Specific immunity lecture 2 Flashcards
(if 1st and 2nd fail) à I know what this is, I know how to take care of it
NOT BORN WITH IT!
Is largely the result of B cells and T cells which are also known as (______________)
1) lymphocytes
________________: ability to react to countless foreign substances
Immunocompetence
antigens are molecules that __________________.
stimulate B and T cells
_______________ are generated in response to antigens.
Antibodies
Great thing about the 3rd line is its -Specificity and memory —> key to 3rd line of defense!! SPECIFICITY means ___________________________ and MEMORY means ______________________________(happens with vaccinations)
1) it can respond to a particular invader
2) it remembers that specific invader and will be quicker to fight it off
-Antibody will have a specific binding site for the __________ that only fits for that antibody.
antigen
B cells mature in the ________________
T Cells mature in the ___________
1) Bone Marrow
2) thymus
Plasma cell is an antibody producing cell That can become a ______________
B cell
_____________ are (things on surface of the cell) on mature B cells
Receptors
on any mature B cells you will find an antigen binding site; when it falls off and floats free = ___________
antibody
B cells also has an MHC (__________________) type 2
major histocompatibility complex
MHC type 1 —> _____________________________
Getting a tissue transplant = need to find someone with MHC type 1!
cells with nucleus (except red blood cells)
-MHC type 2 —> __________, ___________, dendrite cells for presenting antigens
1) B cells
2) macrophages
-MHC type 3 —> ____________
complement system
T cells mature in thymus, they can become
- ____________
- ____________
- ____________
- ____________
Memory T cells
hyper T cells
regulatory T cells
cytotoxic T cells.
T cells Will have:
- _______________ on mature T cells
- T cells have antigen binding site
- CD3 co-receptors which __________________
- -CD4 or CD8
- -CD4 = ________________________
- -CD8 = ________________________
- MHC 1 receptors because T Cells have nucleus!!
1) Receptors
2) will assist in the binding
3) on helper T cells (bind class 2 MHC)
4) on cytotoxic (kill cell) T cells (bind class 1 MHC)
RECEPTORS ARE _____________
PROTEINS
-More about Antigen Binding site receptors
- every antigen you come in contact with, you must have a ________________!!
- small number of genes coding for these; they’re rearranged Up to 10 trillion different combinations
1) different binding site
Receptors have different regions:
- ______________: bottom part of finished protein
- ______________: this is where binding occurs
1) constant region
2) variable region
B cells may secrete the receptors (antibodies) aka ________________ (receptors of these cells that bind to antibodies that T cells can NOT secrete
immunoglobulin
_______________: mechanism by which the exactly correct B or T cell is activated but any incoming antigen
Clonal selection
Each lymphocyte expresses a single specificity and can react to __________________
only one type of antigen
_____________: if there’s a receptor that matches “self”, it is DELETED so it can’t attack us)
_____________: after activated by selections, that B or T cell multiplies (copies or clones)
1) Clonal deletion
2) Clonal expansion
Presentation of antigens to lymphocytes
- Phagocytic cells ______________ the pathogen
- Phagocytic cell moves to nearest _____________
- Piece of pathogen (antigen) is held outside the phagocytic cell by _________ for T cells to assess (antigen presentation)
1) ingest and process
2) lymphoid organ
3) MHC 2
