Specific: Bonding (1) Flashcards
Why are the noble gases the most stable?
Because they have a full outer shell
Why do bonds form between atoms?
To make them more stable, increase the number of atoms in their outer shell
What do metals usually do when bonding?
Lose electrons to form positive ions called cations. Cations have more protons than electrons.
What do non-metals tend to do when bonding?
Gain electrons and form negative ions called anions. Anions have more electrons than protons
What are electrostatic forces of attraction?
Forces which hold oppositely charged ions together and form an ionic bond between them.
What is ionic bonding?
When atoms give electrons away or gain electrons to complete their outer shell.
What are the features of ionic compounds?
- held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction
- held together in a lattice structure
- contain ions, not molecules
- require lots of energy to over come the bonds
- high melting and boiling points
What charge do ionic compounds have?
No overall charge, neutral
What are the conditions for a substance to conduct electricity?
- contain charged particles (ions)
- particles must be free to move
- require delocalised electrons (which are always in ions)
What is covalent bonding?
When electrons are shared to become stable
When do covalent bonds usually form?
Between non metals
What are the features of a covalent substance?
- strong electrostatic forces of attraction between positive Buckie and negative electrons
- weak intermolecular forces
