species richness and diversity Flashcards

1
Q

how do you know you had enough samples in a species effort curve graph?

A

the number of new species decreases at high sampling efforts (the curve vlakt af)

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2
Q

what causes the difference between rarefaction graph and a species effort curve graph?

A

randomization procedure

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3
Q

what is species richness?

A

Number of species (S), not abundance

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4
Q

when can you compare the species richness for two areas without any calculations etc?

A

when you have conclusive species lists of the areas

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5
Q

how do you compare species richness of two areas when you use samples?

A

with a species effort curve

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6
Q

when two lines follow the same path in species effort curve what does it mean?

A

species richness is the same

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7
Q

What is the difference between species richness and species diversity?

A

Species diversity incorporates species richness and the relative abundance of the species. Species richness does not.

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8
Q

why can’t you use ratios to calculate species richness?

A

because richness does not increase linearly with sample size.

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9
Q

how to compare lines in a species effort curve?

A

you cut them off where sample size is equal, and then do rarefaction to find out the numbers at that sample size.

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10
Q

what are the problems with rarefaction?

A

-It assumes species occur randomly, but in reality they are often clustered.
-you can’t extrapolate to total species amount

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11
Q

how to calculate max number of species?

A

Chao index

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12
Q

Chao index formula?

A

Smax = Sobs +(singletons^2/2*doubletons)

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13
Q

what is species evenness?

A

the degree to which the relative abundance of individuals among different species are similar

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14
Q

how to compare species diversityof areas?

A

a rank-abundance graph

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15
Q

is the SHannon weiner value a number of species?

A

no

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16
Q

what is a problem with the Shannon Weiner index?

A

highly sensitive to sample size and standardization

17
Q

what does the Hill shannon number mean?

A

the number of equally common species

18
Q

what is Hill Simpson?

A

index for the probability that two randomly selected individuals will not be of the same species

19
Q

what are ways to standardize?

A

Take the same amount of samples, individuals or coverage. Individuals is not advised.

20
Q

WHy is Hill Shannon or Simpson better than Shannon Wiener?

A

standardization doesn’t matter

21
Q

what can you tell from a rank abundance graph?

A

relative species abundance, and also evenness and dominance