Speciation, Natural Selection, Evolution Flashcards
Evolution
Species change overtime
What are the main ways species change?
Mutations and process of natural selection
What did Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace describe?
Evolution by natural selection
Natural Selection
the process where organisms that are better suited to their environment tend to survive longer and or reproduce more offspring that have similar advantageous traits. For short: Survival of the fittest.
The ability to survive and pass on advantageous genes to the future generation. You survive long enough to get genes into new generation.
Fitness
All the diversity that we see today is ultimately due to_______over time due to_______.
populations changing, natural selection
Over time natural selection can lead to changes in_________.
Populations
Mutations are_____.
Random
Mutations are not inherently good or bad as they are just changes in DNA. Whether the result of a mutation is good, bad, or neutral is determined by?
Organisms environment and whether the new trait is helpful, harmful, or neutral.
Mutations are_____but Natural Selection is_________.
Random, Not Random
What can variations arise from?
Mutations, genetic recombination in crossing over during meiosis
Traits that increase fitness
Adaptaitons
What can Adaptations be?
Body structures or behaviors, the point is the help organisms survive and or reproduce.
What is and example of natural selection in the environment?
The rock pocket mice
Directional selection
Individuals at one extreme of a population have higher fitness.
Stabilizing Selection
Individuals of neither extreme of a population have higher fitness, the higher fitness in the average.
Disruptive Selection
Individuals at both extremes of a population have higher fitness
How are mutations connected to natural selection?
Through mutations the organisms gets different random traits and natural selection decides if they will stay of not.
How does natural selection drive evolution?
Natural selection is the process by which evolution occurs, without it nothing would happen.
Species
Can interbreed naturally and offspring are fertile.
Adaptations
traits or behavior that increase survival
