Speciation and solubility modelling

Question 1

What does a speciation-solubility calculation provide?

Answer 1

a snapshot of the assumed equilibrium state of a dynamic system

Question 2

what are some physicical procese that can reduce concentrations of contaminents?

Answer 2

Dispersion, diffusion, and mixing with another water
body will dilute the contaminant concentrations.

Question 3

what are some chemical procese that can reduce concentrations of contaminents?

Answer 3

Precipitation, co-precipitation, ion-exchange, and surface
adsorption can transfer contaminants from groundwater to
the immobile solid phases and reduce the contaminant concentrations.

Question 4

what are some biological procese that can reduce concentrations of contaminents?

Answer 4

Microbial mediated processes can transform organic
contaminants into benign compounds or oxidize or reduce the
toxic metals into a less toxic and mobile form.

Question 5

For what phases could SI be a good guide?

Answer 5

carbonates and sulfate minerals