Speciation

Question 1

What conditions must be present for evolution to occur?

Answer 1

~ variation (differences in individuals)
~ heredity (these differences must be heritable)
~ means of selection —> must be a mechanism/pressure favouring certain variables

Question 2

Describe process of natural selection/speciation

Answer 2

1 - Variation caused by random mutation
2 - Adaptation to selection pressures, favours certain alleles + creates competition
3 - Individuals with advantageous alleles survive and reproduce
4 - Alleles passed to offspring
5 - Changes in allele frequency
Speciation
6 - Allele frequency changes so genetic drift occurs
7 - 2 different gene pools
8 - formation of new species, can no longer interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 3

Describe difference between two types of speciation

Answer 3

Allopatric —> occurs due to geographical isolation; diff selection pressures change allele frequency
Sympatric —> occurs due to reproductive isolation; changes due to variation including seasonal, mechanical or behavioural prevent two groups from reproducing