Speciation Flashcards
What is the taxonomical name for the common mosquito?
Culex pipiens
What is the taxonomical name for the underground mosquito?
Culex molestus
What are the 4 mechanisms of population split?
Allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, sympatric
What is the founder effect?
the reduction in genomic variability that occurs when a small group of individuals becomes separated from a larger population.
What is the bottleneck effect?
A population bottleneck or genetic bottleneck is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events or human activities
What is stabilizing selection?
occurs when extreme phenotypes are eliminated and the intermediate phenotype is favored
What is disruptive selection?
occurs when extreme phenotypes are favored and can lead to more than one distinct form
What are the two main categories of reproductive isolation barriers?
Prezygotic isolation – occurs before fertilisation can occur (no offspring are produced)
Postzygotic isolation – occurs after fertilisation (offspring are either not viable or infertile)
What is temporal isolation?
Two populations differ in their periods of activity or reproductive cycles
What is allopatric specistion?
Geographical isolation
What is sympatric speciation?
Reproductive isolation
What is polyploidy?
the condition of having more than two full sets of chromosomes
What are the 2 paces of speciation?
Phyletic gradualism and punctuated equilibrium
